Mast cell positivity to tryptase correlates with metastatic lymph nodes in gastrointestinal cancer patients treated surgically

Background: Angiogenesis has been found to be a reliable prognostic indicator for several types of malignancies. Tryptase is a serine protease stored in mast cell (MC) granules, which plays a role in tumor angiogenesis. MCs can release tryptase following c-Kit receptor activation. Method: In this study, immunohistochemistry, image analysis methods and clinical aspects were employed in a series of 41 gastrointestinal cancer patients with stage T3-4N2a-bM₀ (by the American Joint Committee on Cancer, AJCC, for colorectal cancer, 7th edition) and T3N2-3M₀ (by AJCC for gastric cancer, 7th edition) to evaluate the possible correlation between MCs positive to tryptase (MCPT) in tumor tissue and the number of metastatic lymph nodes harvested. Results: Data demonstrated a positive correlation between MCPT in tumor tissue and the number of metastatic lymph nodes; the validity of these data needs confirmation in larger patient cohorts. Conclusion: This is the first report considering MCPT in tumor tissue as a potential tool for a valid indication of the type of surgical treatment and its radicality, and it might be considered for the prognosis of patients before radical surgical treatment. Our pilot data need confirmation in a larger patient cohort.