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Oral mucositis in childhood cancer patients receiving high‐dose methotrexate: Prevalence, relationship with other toxicities and methotrexate elimination
- Source :
- International Journal of Paediatric Dentistry. 31:238-246
- Publication Year :
- 2020
- Publisher :
- Wiley, 2020.
-
Abstract
- Background Oral mucositis (OM) is one of the main adverse effects of the chemotherapeutic agent methotrexate (MTX). Aim To evaluate the relationship of OM with MTX metabolism time and other toxicities in childhood, cancer patients receiving high-dose of methotrexate (HD-MTX). Design Seventy-seven childhood patients receiving HD-MTX for treatment of leukaemia, osteosarcoma or lymphoma were evaluated. MTX serum level, hepatic and renal function parameters, and presence and intensity of OM were analysed. Results The patients were submitted to 255 cycles of chemotherapy. OM was diagnosed in 191 (74.9%) cycles. Of these, 119 (46.6%) presented ulcerative lesions. Lymphoma was associated with severe OM (P = .01). OM was associated with higher serum levels of aspartate aminotransferase (P = .006), alanine aminotransferase (P = .04) and creatinine (P = .008). Increase of one unit of total bilirubin and indirect bilirubin associated, respectively, with 11% and 39% higher prevalence of OM. For each increase of one unit of creatinine serum level, it was observed a 37% higher prevalence of OM in patients with lymphoma. No association was found between delayed excretion of MTX and OM development. Conclusions OM is a prevalent complication of childhood cancer patients receiving HD-MTX. Renal and hepatic toxicity could be considered risk factors for OM, especially in patients with lymphoma.
- Subjects :
- Antimetabolites, Antineoplastic
medicine.medical_specialty
medicine.medical_treatment
Renal function
Gastroenterology
03 medical and health sciences
chemistry.chemical_compound
0302 clinical medicine
Internal medicine
Prevalence
Mucositis
Humans
Medicine
030212 general & internal medicine
Child
Adverse effect
General Dentistry
Stomatitis
Creatinine
Chemotherapy
business.industry
Cancer
030206 dentistry
Precursor Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia-Lymphoma
medicine.disease
Methotrexate
chemistry
business
Complication
medicine.drug
Subjects
Details
- ISSN :
- 1365263X and 09607439
- Volume :
- 31
- Database :
- OpenAIRE
- Journal :
- International Journal of Paediatric Dentistry
- Accession number :
- edsair.doi.dedup.....da68b9d816271ba9798aa1bf7302ac4b