Bone tissue, blood lipids and inflammatory profiles in adolescent male athletes from sports contrasting in mechanical load

Made available in DSpace on 2018-12-11T16:48:00Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2017-06-01 Exploring the effect of non-impact and impact sports is particular relevant to understand the interaction between skeletal muscle and bone health during growth. The current study aimed to compare total and regional bone and soft-tissue composition, in parallel to measurements of blood lipid and inflammatory profiles between adolescent athletes and non-athletes. Anthropometry, biological maturity, dual energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) scans, training load and lipid and inflammatory profiles were assessed in a cross-sectional sample of 53 male adolescents (20 non-athletes, 15 swimmers and 18 basketball players) aged 12-19 years. Multiple comparisons between groups were performed using analysis of variance, covariance and magnitude effects (ES-r and Cohen's d). The comparisons of controls with other groups were very large for high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (d range: 2.17-2.92). The differences between sports disciplines, regarding tissue outputs obtained from DXA scan were moderate for all variables except fat tissue (d = 0.4). It was possible to determine small differences (ES-r = 0.17) between controls and swimmers for bone area at the lower limbs (13.0%). In parallel, between swimmers and basketball players, the gradient of the differences was small (ES-r range: 0.15-0.23) for bone mineral content (24.6%), bone area (11.3%) and bone mineral density (11.1%) at the lower limbs, favoring the basketball players. These observations highlight that youth male athletes presented better blood and soft tissues profiles with respect to controls. Furthermore, sport-specific differences emerged for the lower limbs, with basketball players presenting higher bone mineral content, area and density than swimmers. Department of Physical Education Laboratory of Investigation in Exercise (LIVE) São Paulo State University (UNESP) Department of Physical Therapy Post-Graduation Program in Physical Therapy São Paulo State University (UNESP) CIDAF (UID/DTP/04213/2016) Faculty of Sport Sciences and Physical Education University of Coimbra Portuguese Foundation for Science and Technology (SFRH/BD/101083/2014) Portuguese Foundation for Science and Technology (SFRH/BPD/100470/2014) Institute for Biomedical Imaging and Life Sciences (IBILI) Faculty of Medicine University of Coimbra Faculty of Physical Education and Sport Lusófona University of Humanities and Technologies Department of Medical Imaging and Radiation Therapy School of Health and Technology Instituto Politécnico de Coimbra Instituto Politécnico de Coimbra Institute of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics Faculty of Medicine University of Coimbra Department of Movement Human and Health Sciences University of Rome Foro Italico Post-Graduation Program in Kinesiology Institute of Biosciences São Paulo State University (UNESP) Department of Physical Education Laboratory of Investigation in Exercise (LIVE) São Paulo State University (UNESP) Department of Physical Therapy Post-Graduation Program in Physical Therapy São Paulo State University (UNESP) Post-Graduation Program in Kinesiology Institute of Biosciences São Paulo State University (UNESP)