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Optimism and psychological resilience are beneficially associated with measures of clinical and experimental pain in adults with or at risk for knee osteoarthritis
- Publication Year :
- 2018
-
Abstract
- Objectives: This cross-sectional study examined the associations among optimism, psychological resilience, endogenous pain inhibition, and clinical knee pain severity. Two hypotheses were tested. First, we hypothesized that experimentally-tested endogenous pain inhibition would mediate the relationship between optimism and clinical knee pain severity. Secondly, it was also hypothesized that optimism would moderate the relationships of psychological resilience with endogenous pain inhibition and clinical knee pain severity, particularly for individuals with high optimism. Methods: A total of 150 individuals with or at risk for symptomatic knee osteoarthritis completed the Life Orientation Test-Revised, the Brief Resilience Scale, and the revised Short Form – McGill Pain Questionnaire-2 to assess optimism, psychological resilience, and clinical knee pain severity, respectively. Endogenous pain inhibition was examined experimentally using a conditioned pain modulation (CPM) protocol with algometry (test stimulus) and a cold pressor task (conditioning stimulus). Results: As hypothesized, results demonstrated that increased CPM significantly mediated the association between higher optimism and lower clinical knee pain severity. Further, optimism moderated the association between psychological resilience and CPM. However, contrary to our hypothesis, greater psychological resilience was associated with enhanced CPM in individuals with low optimism only. Discussion: This study suggests that an optimistic outlook may beneficially impact clinical pain severity by altering endogenous pain modulatory capacity. Furthermore, individuals with low optimism (i.e., pessimists) may be more adept at engaging resources that promote psychological resilience, which in turn, enhances endogenous pain modulatory capacity. Therefore, this study supports consideration of psychological resilience factors when evaluating experimental and clinical pain outcomes.
- Subjects :
- Male
Pain Threshold
Cross-sectional study
media_common.quotation_subject
Pain
Osteoarthritis
Pessimism
Stimulus (physiology)
Article
03 medical and health sciences
0302 clinical medicine
Optimism
Surveys and Questionnaires
Adaptation, Psychological
medicine
Humans
030212 general & internal medicine
media_common
Aged
Pain Measurement
business.industry
Catastrophization
Cold pressor test
Middle Aged
Osteoarthritis, Knee
Resilience, Psychological
medicine.disease
Affect
Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine
Knee pain
Cross-Sectional Studies
Female
Neurology (clinical)
Psychological resilience
medicine.symptom
business
030217 neurology & neurosurgery
Clinical psychology
Subjects
Details
- Language :
- English
- Database :
- OpenAIRE
- Accession number :
- edsair.doi.dedup.....d7e7fbff025d60517d5fd61c56503d5c