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Cell therapies for pancreatic beta-cell replenishment
- Source :
- Italian Journal of Pediatrics
- Publication Year :
- 2016
- Publisher :
- BioMed Central, 2016.
-
Abstract
- The current treatment approach for type 1 diabetes is based on daily insulin injections, combined with blood glucose monitoring. However, administration of exogenous insulin fails to mimic the physiological activity of the islet, therefore diabetes often progresses with the development of serious complications such as kidney failure, retinopathy and vascular disease. Whole pancreas transplantation is associated with risks of major invasive surgery along with side effects of immunosuppressive therapy to avoid organ rejection. Replacement of pancreatic beta-cells would represent an ideal treatment that could overcome the above mentioned therapeutic hurdles. In this context, transplantation of islets of Langerhans is considered a less invasive procedure although long-term outcomes showed that only 10 % of the patients remained insulin independent five years after the transplant. Moreover, due to shortage of organs and the inability of islet to be expanded ex vivo, this therapy can be offered to a very limited number of patients. Over the past decade, cellular therapies have emerged as the new frontier of treatment of several diseases. Furthermore the advent of stem cells as renewable source of cell-substitutes to replenish the beta cell population, has blurred the hype on islet transplantation. Breakthrough cellular approaches aim to generate stem-cell-derived insulin producing cells, which could make diabetes cellular therapy available to millions. However, to date, stem cell therapy for diabetes is still in its early experimental stages. This review describes the most reliable sources of stem cells that have been developed to produce insulin and their most relevant experimental applications for the cure of diabetes.
- Subjects :
- 0301 basic medicine
medicine.medical_treatment
stem cell, diabetes
Cell- and Tissue-Based Therapy
Islets of Langerhans Transplantation
Review
Stem cells
Pancreas transplantation
Bioinformatics
Diabete
Insulin-producing cell
Cell therapy
03 medical and health sciences
0302 clinical medicine
Insulin-Secreting Cells
Diabetes mellitus
Insulin Secretion
medicine
Animals
Humans
Insulin
Type 1 diabetes
Stem cell
business.industry
Diabetes
Cell Differentiation
Stem-cell therapy
medicine.disease
Transplantation
Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1
030104 developmental biology
030220 oncology & carcinogenesis
Immunology
Regenerative medicine
Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health
Insulin-producing cells
Beta cell
business
Stem Cell Transplantation
Subjects
Details
- Language :
- English
- ISSN :
- 18247288
- Database :
- OpenAIRE
- Journal :
- Italian Journal of Pediatrics
- Accession number :
- edsair.doi.dedup.....d6ad240f36c1101f329abfa48f95ffae