Circadian clock genes and myocardial infarction in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus

Disruption of circadian clock may trigger the onset of diabetes mellitus and myocardial infarction. Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is well-known risk factors for cardiovascular diseases and myocardial infarction. We performed a case-control study, where we explored the possible association between single nucleotide polymorphisms in three circadian rhythm genes (ARNTL, CLOCK, and PER2) and myocardial infarction in 657 patients with T2DM. The study group consisted of 231 patients with myocardial infarction and T2DM and a control group of 426 T2DM patients. We hypothesized that variations in the circadian rhythm genes in patients with T2DM could be an additional risk factor for myocardial infarction. The statistically significant difference was found in allelic (p = 1.1 × 10–5) and genotype distribution (p = 1.42 × 10–4) between two groups of the rs12363415 at the ARNTL gene locus. We provide evidence that genetic variability in the ARNTL gene might be associated with myocardial infarction in patients with T2DM.