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The mechanism of histamine secretion from gastric enterochromaffin-like cells
- Source :
- Europe PubMed Central
- Publication Year :
- 1999
- Publisher :
- American Physiological Society, 1999.
-
Abstract
- Enterochromaffin-like (ECL) cells play a pivotal role in the peripheral regulation of gastric acid secretion as they respond to the functionally important gastrointestinal hormones gastrin and somatostatin and neural mediators such as pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating peptide and galanin. Gastrin is the key stimulus of histamine release from ECL cells in vivo and in vitro. Voltage-gated K+and Ca2+channels have been detected on isolated ECL cells. Exocytosis of histamine following gastrin stimulation and Ca2+entry across the plasma membrane is catalyzed by synaptobrevin and synaptosomal-associated protein of 25 kDa, both characterized as a soluble N-ethylmaleimide-sensitive factor attachment protein receptor protein. Histamine release occurs from different cellular pools: preexisting vacuolar histamine immediately released by Ca2+entry or newly synthesized histamine following induction of histidine decarboxylase (HDC) by gastrin stimulation. Histamine is synthesized by cytoplasmic HDC and accumulated in secretory vesicles by proton-histamine countertransport via the vesicular monoamine transporter subtype 2 (VMAT-2). The promoter region of HDC contains Ca2+-, cAMP-, and protein kinase C-responsive elements. The gene promoter for VMAT-2, however, lacks TATA boxes but contains regulatory elements for the hormones glucagon and somatostatin. Histamine secretion from ECL cells is thereby under a complex regulation of hormonal signals and can be targeted at several steps during the process of exocytosis.
- Subjects :
- endocrine system
medicine.medical_specialty
Physiology
Histamine secretion
Cell Biology
Biology
Histamine Release
Exocytosis
Histamine receptor
Endocrinology
Gastrointestinal hormone
Gastric Mucosa
Internal medicine
Enterochromaffin Cells
medicine
Enterochromaffin cell
Gastric acid
Enterochromaffin-like cell
G cell
Gastrin
Subjects
Details
- ISSN :
- 15221563 and 03636143
- Volume :
- 277
- Database :
- OpenAIRE
- Journal :
- American Journal of Physiology-Cell Physiology
- Accession number :
- edsair.doi.dedup.....d61843648eadd7a6b4f917780d4b94a9