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Phytophthora infestans effector AVRblb2 prevents secretion of a plant immune protease at the haustorial interface
- Publication Year :
- 2016
-
Abstract
- In response to pathogen attack, plant cells secrete antimicrobial molecules at the site of infection. However, how plant pathogens interfere with defense-related focal secretion remains poorly known. Here we show that the host-translocated RXLR-type effector protein AVRblb2 of the Irish potato famine pathogen Phytophthora infestans focally accumulates around haustoria, specialized infection structures that form inside plant cells, and promotes virulence by interfering with the execution of host defenses. AVRblb2 significantly enhances susceptibility of host plants to P. infestans by targeting the host papain-like cysteine protease C14 and specifically preventing its secretion into the apoplast. Plants altered in C14 expression were significantly affected in susceptibility to P. infestans in a manner consistent with a positive role of C14 in plant immunity. Our findings point to a unique counterdefense strategy that plant pathogens use to neutralize secreted host defense proteases. Effectors, such as AVRblb2, can be used as molecular probes to dissect focal immune responses at pathogen penetration sites.
- Subjects :
- Proteases
Phytophthora infestans
Plant Immunity
Virulence
Agrobacterium
Models, Biological
Microbiology
Gene Expression Regulation, Plant
Haustorium
Plant Cells
Endopeptidases
Tobacco
Extrahaustorial membrane
Pathogen
Plant Physiological Phenomena
Plant Diseases
Multidisciplinary
Microscopy, Confocal
biology
Effector
Cell Membrane
fungi
Proteins
food and beverages
Biological Sciences
biology.organism_classification
Immune System
Peptide Hydrolases
Plasmids
Subjects
Details
- Language :
- English
- Database :
- OpenAIRE
- Accession number :
- edsair.doi.dedup.....d5867ec47d2490009e9c13a3f011018b