Utilization of Greenhouse Gases for Syngas Production by Dry Reforming Process Using Reduced BaNiO3 Perovskite as a Catalyst

For the commercialization of syngas production, the utilization of greenhouse gases and the fabrication of an active catalyst for the dry reforming methane (DRM) process are the biggest challenges because of deactivation by carbon deposition, oxidation, sintering, and loss of active surface sites under high temperature. In the present article, BaNiO3 perovskite was synthesized by the coprecipitation method, and its reduced form (r-BNO) was utilized for syngas production by the DRM reaction. It was found that the r-BNO showed high stability and good resistance against carbon deposition, however, the conversions (CH4 and CO2) have been found to be less than 50%. Many techniques such as TGA, XRD, FT-IR, UV-Vis, BET, SEM, TEM, XPS, TPR, TPO, and TPD were used in order to investigate the physical properties and evaluation conditions for syngas production. From the obtained results, it was revealed that BaNiO3 perovskite possessed a hexagonal crystal structure and perforated–rough surface; in addition, its structure was virtually regenerated by oxidation of the r-BNO catalyst, which provides a convenient way to regenerate the original catalyst in an oxidative atmosphere. Structural and surface alterations of the used catalyst, after the DRM reaction, were characterized by using TGA, TPO, and TEM, and it was found that there was no significant deposition of inert carbons (D and G) and deactivation of the r-BNO catalyst.