Frontiers in identifying conservation units: from neutral markers to adaptive genetic variation

1 Animal Genetic Resource Department, Institute of Biodiversity Conservation, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia 2 Laboratoire d’Ecologie Alpine, CNRS UMR 5553, Universite Joseph Fourier, Grenoble, France 3 Department of Environmental Sciences, University of Milano-Bicocca, Milano, Italy 4 Natural Resources Faculty, University of Guilan, Guilan, Iran 5 Environmental Sciences Department, Gorgan University of Agriculture and Natural Resources, Gorgan, Iran 6 Centro de Investigacao em Biodiversidade e Recursos Geneticos (CIBIO-UP), Universidade do Porto, Vairao, Portugal 7 Division of Biological Sciences, University of Montana, Missoula, MT, USA 8 Norwegian Institute for Nature Research, Trondheim, Norway