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Carcinoembryonic antigen as a target for therapeutic anticancer vaccines: a review
- Source :
- Journal of clinical oncology : official journal of the American Society of Clinical Oncology. 20(8)
- Publication Year :
- 2002
-
Abstract
- PURPOSE: To describe the features of carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) that are important for its use in vaccination approaches and review the clinical experience with therapeutic vaccines targeting CEA.METHODS: A PubMed search was performed on CEA, along with various qualifiers such as cancer vaccines, epitopes, and function. Relevant articles were reviewed.RESULTS: CEA is a member of the immunoglobulin supergene family and may play a role in tumorigenesis. CEA protein is processed and presented on major histocompatibility complex (MHC) proteins for multiple alleles, including HLA A2, A3, and A24. T lymphocytes from healthy volunteers and cancer patients can recognize the processed epitopes of CEA and can become activated to lyse CEA-expressing tumors. Therapeutic vaccination approaches that have targeted CEA include vaccination with recombinant CEA protein, CEA anti-idiotype antibodies, and dendritic cells pulsed with agonist epitopes of CEA. Humoral responses have predominantly been induced with the first two approaches, whereas CD4 and CD8 responses, disease stabilization, and even objective clinical responses have been seen with the dendritic cell approach. Recently, CEA-poxvirus vectors encoding CEA and costimulatory molecules such as B7.1 have been shown to be safe and to induce increases in the frequency of T-cell precursors that recognize processed epitopes of CEA presented on MHC class 1 molecules. Disease stabilization has been seen in up to 37% of patients treated with these vaccines.CONCLUSION: Tolerance to CEA in patients with cancer can be overcome with several different vaccination approaches, and such vaccinations are safe and immunologically active. Poxvirus-based vaccines can reproducibly generate T-cell responses to CEA and to tumors expressing CEA. Clinical activity has been seen with poxvirus or dendritic cell approaches. Other approaches are also being explored.
- Subjects :
- Cancer Research
endocrine system diseases
medicine.medical_treatment
Genetic Vectors
Major histocompatibility complex
Cancer Vaccines
Epitope
Major Histocompatibility Complex
Epitopes
Carcinoembryonic antigen
Neoplasms
Medicine
Animals
Humans
neoplasms
Clinical Trials as Topic
Immunity, Cellular
biology
business.industry
Poxviridae
Cancer
Immunotherapy
medicine.disease
digestive system diseases
Lymphocyte Subsets
Carcinoembryonic Antigen
Vaccination
Oncology
Immunology
Antibody Formation
biology.protein
Antibody
business
Oncofetal antigen
Subjects
Details
- ISSN :
- 0732183X
- Volume :
- 20
- Issue :
- 8
- Database :
- OpenAIRE
- Journal :
- Journal of clinical oncology : official journal of the American Society of Clinical Oncology
- Accession number :
- edsair.doi.dedup.....d3f93ec17bb68c1fc88992f9a870e602