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Potential Effects on Travelers’ Air Pollution Exposure and Associated Mortality Estimated for a Mode Shift from Car to Bicycle Commuting
- Source :
- International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, Volume 17, Issue 20, International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, Vol 17, Iss 7635, p 7635 (2020)
- Publication Year :
- 2020
- Publisher :
- Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute, 2020.
-
Abstract
- This study aims to use dispersion-modeled concentrations of nitrogen oxides (NOx) and black carbon (BC) to estimate bicyclist exposures along a network of roads and bicycle paths. Such modeling was also performed in a scenario with increased bicycling. Accumulated concentrations between home and work were thereafter calculated for both bicyclists and drivers of cars. A transport model was used to estimate traffic volumes and current commuting preferences in Stockholm County. The study used individuals&rsquo<br />home and work addresses, their age, sex, and an empirical model estimate of their expected physical capacity in order to establish realistic bicycle travel distances. If car commuters with estimated physical capacity to bicycle to their workplace within 30 min changed their mode of transport to bicycle, &gt<br />110,000 additional bicyclists would be achieved. Time-weighted mean concentrations along paths were, among current bicyclists, reduced from 25.8 to 24.2 &mu<br />g/m3 for NOx and 1.14 to 1.08 &mu<br />g/m3 for BC. Among the additional bicyclists, the yearly mean NOx dose from commuting increased from 0.08 to 1.03 &mu<br />g/m3. This would be expected to yearly cause 0.10 fewer deaths for current bicycling levels and 1.7 more deaths for additional bicycling. This increased air pollution impact is much smaller than the decrease in the total population.
- Subjects :
- Transportteknik och logistik
Bicycle commuting
Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis
Air pollution exposure
air pollution
bicyclist exposure
Air pollution
lcsh:Medicine
Transportation
Total population
010501 environmental sciences
medicine.disease_cause
human health
01 natural sciences
Article
03 medical and health sciences
Human health
0302 clinical medicine
Environmental health
vehicle emissions
medicine
Humans
030212 general & internal medicine
bicycle
Nitrogen oxides
Transport Systems and Logistics
0105 earth and related environmental sciences
Air Pollutants
lcsh:R
Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health
Public Health, Global Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology
Environmental Exposure
Bicycling
Folkhälsovetenskap, global hälsa, socialmedicin och epidemiologi
Environmental science
Automobiles
Subjects
Details
- Language :
- English
- ISSN :
- 16604601
- Database :
- OpenAIRE
- Journal :
- International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health
- Accession number :
- edsair.doi.dedup.....d3e07c6bc9f9aae52f47909418f8a615
- Full Text :
- https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17207635