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A Lysine Residue Essential for Geminivirus Replication Also Controls Nuclear Localization of the Tomato Yellow Leaf Curl Virus Rep Protein
- Source :
- Journal of Virology, 93(10):e01910-18. American Society for Microbiology
- Publication Year :
- 2019
- Publisher :
- American Society for Microbiology, 2019.
-
Abstract
- Geminiviruses are single-stranded DNA (ssDNA) viruses that infect a wide range of plants. To promote viral replication, geminiviruses manipulate the host cell cycle. The viral protein Rep is essential to reprogram the cell cycle and then initiate viral DNA replication by interacting with a plethora of nuclear host factors. Even though many protein domains of Rep have been characterized, little is known about its nuclear targeting. Here, we show that one conserved lysine in the N-terminal part of Rep is pivotal for nuclear localization of the Rep protein from Tomato yellow leaf curl virus (TYLCV), with two other lysines also contributing to its nuclear import. Previous work had identified that these residues are essential for Rep from Tomato golden mosaic virus (TGMV) to interact with the E2 SUMO-conjugating enzyme (SCE1). We here show that mutating these lysines leads to nuclear exclusion of TYLCV Rep without compromising its interaction with SCE1. Moreover, the ability of TYLCV Rep to promote viral DNA replication also depends on this highly conserved lysine independently of its role in nuclear import of Rep. Our data thus reveal that this lysine potentially has a broad role in geminivirus replication, but its role in nuclear import and SCE1 binding differs depending on the Rep protein examined.IMPORTANCE Nuclear activity of the replication initiator protein (Rep) of geminiviruses is essential for viral replication. We now define that one highly conserved lysine is important for nuclear import of Rep from three different begomoviruses. To our knowledge, this is the first time that nuclear localization has been mapped for any geminiviral Rep protein. Our data add another key function to this lysine residue, besides its roles in viral DNA replication and interaction with host factors, such as the SUMO E2-conjugating enzyme.
- Subjects :
- 0106 biological sciences
Viral protein
viruses
Immunology
Protein domain
Nuclear Localization Signals
medicine.disease_cause
Virus Replication
01 natural sciences
Microbiology
03 medical and health sciences
chemistry.chemical_compound
Viral Proteins
Virology
Tobacco
medicine
Tomato yellow leaf curl virus
Amino Acid Sequence
030304 developmental biology
Genetics
0303 health sciences
biology
Lysine
food and beverages
biology.organism_classification
Virus-Cell Interactions
Geminiviridae
Viral replication
chemistry
Interaction with host
Insect Science
Begomovirus
DNA, Viral
bacteria
Nuclear transport
Nuclear localization sequence
DNA
010606 plant biology & botany
Protein Binding
Subjects
Details
- Language :
- English
- ISSN :
- 0022538X
- Database :
- OpenAIRE
- Journal :
- Journal of Virology, 93(10):e01910-18. American Society for Microbiology
- Accession number :
- edsair.doi.dedup.....d105dbd0c228812f7894cd4d0319d33e