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Coagulation factor activity patterns of venom-induced consumption coagulopathy in naturally occurring tiger snake (Notechis scutatus) envenomed dogs treated with antivenom
- Source :
- Toxicon : official journal of the International Society on Toxinology. 181
- Publication Year :
- 2020
-
Abstract
- Background Venom-induced consumption coagulopathy (VICC) from tiger snake (Notechis scutatus) envenomation results in a dose-dependent coagulopathy that is detectable on coagulometry. However, individual coagulation factor activities in dogs with tiger snake envenomation have not been determined. This study aimed to characterise VICC and the time course of recovery in tiger snake envenomed dogs and to investigate an association between tiger snake venom (TSV) concentrations and factor activity. Methods This was a prospective, observational, cohort study. The study cohort was 11 dogs of any age, breed, sex, body weight >10 kg, confirmed serum TSV on ELISA and treated with antivenom. Blood was collected at enrolment before antivenom administration, then at 3, 12 and 24 h after antivenom administration. Tiger snake venom concentrations were detected with a sandwich ELISA. Fibrinogen was measured using a modified Clauss method, and coagulation factors (F) II, V, VII, VIII and X were measured with factor-deficient human plasma using a modified prothrombin (PT) and activated partial thromboplastin (aPTT) method. Linear mixed models, with multiple imputations of censored observations, were used to determine the effect of time and TSV concentration on the coagulation times and factor activity. This cohort was compared to 20 healthy controls. Results At enrolment, there were severe deficiencies in fibrinogen, FV and FVIII, with predicted recovery by 10.86, 11.75 and 13.14 h after antivenom, respectively. There were modest deficiencies in FX and FII, with predicted recovery by 20.57 and 32.49 h after antivenom, respectively. No changes were detected in FVII. Prothrombin time and aPTT were markedly prolonged with predicted recovery of aPTT by 12.58 h. Higher serum TSV concentrations were associated with greater deficiencies in FII, FV and FVIII, and greater prolongations in coagulation times. The median (range) serum TSV concentration was 57 (6–2295) ng/mL. Conclusions In tiger snake envenomed dogs, we detected a profound, TSV-concentration-related consumption of select coagulation factors, that rapidly recovered toward normal. These findings allowed further insight into tiger snake VICC in dogs.
- Subjects :
- 0106 biological sciences
medicine.medical_specialty
Antivenom
Snake Bites
Venom-induced consumption coagulopathy
Toxicology
complex mixtures
01 natural sciences
Gastroenterology
03 medical and health sciences
Dogs
Internal medicine
medicine
Coagulopathy
Thromboplastin
Animals
Dog Diseases
Envenomation
Prothrombin time
Clotting factor
Elapid Venoms
0303 health sciences
biology
medicine.diagnostic_test
business.industry
Antivenins
010604 marine biology & hydrobiology
030302 biochemistry & molecular biology
Notechis scutatus
Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation
medicine.disease
biology.organism_classification
Blood Coagulation Factors
business
Subjects
Details
- ISSN :
- 18793150
- Volume :
- 181
- Database :
- OpenAIRE
- Journal :
- Toxicon : official journal of the International Society on Toxinology
- Accession number :
- edsair.doi.dedup.....d074a0abeae1d686e2f8cac3cee7ba66