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Neural anatomy of echinoid early juveniles and comparison of nervous system organization in echinoderms
- Source :
- Journal of Comparative Neurology, Journal of Comparative Neurology, Wiley, 2021, 529, pp.1135-1156. ⟨10.1002/cne.25012⟩, Journal of Comparative Neurology, Wiley, 2020, ⟨10.1002/cne.25012⟩
- Publication Year :
- 2021
- Publisher :
- HAL CCSD, 2021.
-
Abstract
- International audience; The echinoderms are a phylum of marine deuterostomes characterized by the pentaradial (five fold) symmetry of their adult bodies. Due to this unusual body plan, adult echinoderms have long been excluded from comparative analyses aimed at understanding the origin and evolution of deuterostome nervous systems. Here, we investigated the neural anatomy of early juveniles of representatives of three of the five echinoderm classes: the echinoid Paracentrotus lividus, the asteroid Patiria miniata, and the holothuroid Parastichopus parvimensis. Using whole mount immunohistochemistry and confocal microscopy, we found that the nervous system of echinoid early juveniles is composed of three main structures: a basiepidermal nerve plexus, five radial nerve cords connected by a circumoral nerve ring, and peripheral nerves innervating the appendages. Our whole mount preparations further allowed us to obtain thorough descriptions of these structures and of several innervation patterns, in particular at the level of the appendages. Detailed comparisons of the echinoid juvenile nervous system with those of asteroid and holothuroid juveniles moreover supported a general conservation of the main neural structures in all three species, including at the level of the appendages. Our results support the previously proposed hypotheses for the existence of two neural units in echinoderms: one consisting of the basiepidermal nerve plexus to process sensory stimuli locally and one composed of the radial nerve cords and the peripheral nerves constituting a centralized control system. This study provides the basis for more in‐depth comparisons of the echinoderm adult nervous system with those of other animals, in particular hemichordates and chordates, to address the long‐standing controversies about deuterostome nervous system evolution.
- Subjects :
- 0301 basic medicine
Nervous system
Male
Nervous System
sea urchin
03 medical and health sciences
0302 clinical medicine
evolution
medicine
Animals
14. Life underwater
ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
Radial nerve
Appendage
sea star
Deuterostome
biology
Comparative anatomy
General Neuroscience
Age Factors
Nerve plexus
Anatomy
biology.organism_classification
Biological Evolution
[SDV.BA.ZI]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Animal biology/Invertebrate Zoology
030104 developmental biology
medicine.anatomical_structure
Body plan
juvenile
[SDV.BDD.EO]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Development Biology/Embryology and Organogenesis
Echinoderm
Larva
Paracentrotus
Female
sea cucumber
030217 neurology & neurosurgery
Echinodermata
Subjects
Details
- Language :
- English
- ISSN :
- 00219967 and 10969861
- Database :
- OpenAIRE
- Journal :
- Journal of Comparative Neurology, Journal of Comparative Neurology, Wiley, 2021, 529, pp.1135-1156. ⟨10.1002/cne.25012⟩, Journal of Comparative Neurology, Wiley, 2020, ⟨10.1002/cne.25012⟩
- Accession number :
- edsair.doi.dedup.....cf4de7015f3729e6fe663938c794f93b