Adipose derived mesenchymal stem cell proliferation; from signaling pathways to biological application

Adipose derived mesenchymal stem cells (AT-MSCs) are multipotent stem cells able to self-renew and differentiate to mesodermal lineage. In vitro expansion is necessary to achieve sufficient number of cells. We used non-activated Platelet Rich Plasma (nPRP), as an autologous and efficient medium supplement. We showed that nPRP could increase the proliferation of AT-MSCs. Additionally, the platelets were viable up to 10 days of culture and produced growth factors over time. We showed that nPRP induces main proliferation cascades in AT-MSC, namely AKT, ERK and Smad2 signalling pathways. Based on our in vitro results, we postulated that PRP might have an impact on fat graft survival using murine model. Although CT-Scan analysis showed that PRP did not ameliorate fat graft volume after 30 and 90 days, angiogenesis increased in PRP-mixed fat graft when compared to control group. Analysis revealed that the rate of surviving adipocytes increased comparing to the control group.