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Two-Step In Vitro Model to Evaluate the Cellular Immune Response to SARS-CoV-2
- Source :
- Cells, Volume 10, Issue 9, Cells, Vol 10, Iss 2206, p 2206 (2021)
- Publication Year :
- 2021
- Publisher :
- Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute, 2021.
-
Abstract
- The cellular immune response plays an important role in COVID-19, caused by SARS-CoV-2. This feature makes use of in vitro models’ useful tools to evaluate vaccines and biopharmaceutical effects. Here, we developed a two-step model to evaluate the cellular immune response after SARS-CoV-2 infection-induced or spike protein stimulation in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) from both unexposed and COVID-19 (primo-infected) individuals (Step1). Moreover, the supernatants of these cultures were used to evaluate its effects on lung cell lines (A549) (Step2). When PBMC from the unexposed were infected by SARS-CoV-2, cytotoxic natural killer and nonclassical monocytes expressing inflammatory cytokines genes were raised. The supernatant of these cells can induce apoptosis of A549 cells (mock vs. Step2 [mean]: 6.4% × 17.7%). Meanwhile, PBMCs from primo-infected presented their memory CD4+ T cells activated with a high production of IFNG and antiviral genes. Supernatant from past COVID-19 subjects contributed to reduce apoptosis (mock vs. Step2 [ratio]: 7.2 × 1.4) and to elevate the antiviral activity (iNOS) of A549 cells (mock vs. Step2 [mean]: 31.5% × 55.7%). Our findings showed features of immune primary cells and lung cell lines response after SARS-CoV-2 or spike protein stimulation that can be used as an in vitro model to study the immunity effects after SARS-CoV-2 antigen exposure.
- Subjects :
- Adult
Male
QH301-705.5
T-Lymphocytes
Biology
Virus Replication
Peripheral blood mononuclear cell
Models, Biological
Article
Proinflammatory cytokine
Young Adult
Immune system
Antigen
Cytotoxic T cell
Humans
Biology (General)
A549 cell
Immunity, Cellular
SARS-CoV-2
COVID-19
General Medicine
Middle Aged
immunity
Killer Cells, Natural
Phenotype
Gene Expression Regulation
Cell culture
Apoptosis
Alveolar Epithelial Cells
in vitro model
Immunology
Leukocytes, Mononuclear
Cytokines
Female
Immunologic Memory
Subjects
Details
- Language :
- English
- ISSN :
- 20734409
- Database :
- OpenAIRE
- Journal :
- Cells
- Accession number :
- edsair.doi.dedup.....cdaafab131a69c9be328db1a879c78f1
- Full Text :
- https://doi.org/10.3390/cells10092206