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Two-Step In Vitro Model to Evaluate the Cellular Immune Response to SARS-CoV-2

Authors :
Tiago Pereira dos Santos
Milene D. Miranda
Thyago Leal Calvo
Tamiris Azamor
Jane da Silva
Juliana Gil Melgaço
Catarina E L Menezes
Tamires B S Pereira
Luciana N. Tubarão
Natalia Fintelman Rodrigues
Danielle Brito E Cunha
Patrícia Cristina da Costa Neves
Alessandro F. de Souza
Andréa Marques Vieira da Silva
Marilda M. Siqueira
Braulia Costa Caetano
Aline R. Matos
Milton Ozório Moraes
Sotiris Missailidis
Ygara S. Mendes
Carolina Q. Sacramento
Ana Paula Dinis Ano Bom
José Henrique Rezende Linhares
Jéssica S C C Martins
Camilla Bayma Fernandes
Sheila Maria Barbosa de Lima
Source :
Cells, Volume 10, Issue 9, Cells, Vol 10, Iss 2206, p 2206 (2021)
Publication Year :
2021
Publisher :
Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute, 2021.

Abstract

The cellular immune response plays an important role in COVID-19, caused by SARS-CoV-2. This feature makes use of in vitro models’ useful tools to evaluate vaccines and biopharmaceutical effects. Here, we developed a two-step model to evaluate the cellular immune response after SARS-CoV-2 infection-induced or spike protein stimulation in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) from both unexposed and COVID-19 (primo-infected) individuals (Step1). Moreover, the supernatants of these cultures were used to evaluate its effects on lung cell lines (A549) (Step2). When PBMC from the unexposed were infected by SARS-CoV-2, cytotoxic natural killer and nonclassical monocytes expressing inflammatory cytokines genes were raised. The supernatant of these cells can induce apoptosis of A549 cells (mock vs. Step2 [mean]: 6.4% × 17.7%). Meanwhile, PBMCs from primo-infected presented their memory CD4+ T cells activated with a high production of IFNG and antiviral genes. Supernatant from past COVID-19 subjects contributed to reduce apoptosis (mock vs. Step2 [ratio]: 7.2 × 1.4) and to elevate the antiviral activity (iNOS) of A549 cells (mock vs. Step2 [mean]: 31.5% × 55.7%). Our findings showed features of immune primary cells and lung cell lines response after SARS-CoV-2 or spike protein stimulation that can be used as an in vitro model to study the immunity effects after SARS-CoV-2 antigen exposure.

Details

Language :
English
ISSN :
20734409
Database :
OpenAIRE
Journal :
Cells
Accession number :
edsair.doi.dedup.....cdaafab131a69c9be328db1a879c78f1
Full Text :
https://doi.org/10.3390/cells10092206