Soil and Water Conservation Policies in the Uluguru Mountains, Tanzania

Proper use of soil and water resources in major stream source areas is vital both for the short- term advantage of the local economy and for the long- term advantage of the whole community. This paper is a case study of official conservation policies and their impact on the partly deforested and densely settled stream-source area of the Uluguru mountains of Tanzania. Conservation policy in this area has been marked by radical shifts of emphasis and direction. These are described and analysed. Such a review of past ex- periences, together with newly-available technical data presented in papers which follow, forms a basis for comment concerning the future conservation measures in this area.