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Diet and Gastrointestinal Bypass–Induced Weight Loss
- Source :
- Diabetes
- Publication Year :
- 2011
- Publisher :
- American Diabetes Association, 2011.
-
Abstract
- OBJECTIVE Bariatric surgery causes durable weight loss. Gut hormones are implicated in obesity pathogenesis, dietary failure, and mediating gastrointestinal bypass (GIBP) surgery weight loss. In mice, we determined the effects of diet-induced obesity (DIO), subsequent dieting, and GIBP surgery on ghrelin, peptide YY (PYY), and glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1). To evaluate PYY’s role in mediating weight loss post-GIBP, we undertook GIBP surgery in PyyKO mice. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS Male C57BL/6 mice randomized to a high-fat diet or control diet were killed at 4-week intervals. DIO mice underwent switch to ad libitum low-fat diet (DIO-switch) or caloric restriction (CR) for 4 weeks before being killed. PyyKO mice and their DIO wild-type (WT) littermates underwent GIBP or sham surgery and were culled 10 days postoperatively. Fasting acyl-ghrelin, total PYY, active GLP-1 concentrations, stomach ghrelin expression, and colonic Pyy and glucagon expression were determined. Fasting and postprandial PYY and GLP-1 concentrations were assessed 30 days postsurgery in GIBP and sham pair-fed (sham.PF) groups. RESULTS DIO progressively reduced circulating fasting acyl-ghrelin, PYY, and GLP-1 levels. CR and DIO-switch caused weight loss but failed to restore circulating PYY to weight-appropriate levels. After GIBP, WT mice lost weight and exhibited increased circulating fasting PYY and colonic Pyy and glucagon expression. In contrast, the acute effects of GIBP on body weight were lost in PyyKO mice. Fasting PYY and postprandial PYY and GLP-1 levels were increased in GIBP mice compared with sham.PF mice. CONCLUSIONS PYY plays a key role in mediating the early weight loss observed post-GIBP, whereas relative PYY deficiency during dieting may compromise weight-loss attempts.
- Subjects :
- Leptin
Male
endocrine system
medicine.medical_specialty
Diet, Reducing
Colon
Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism
Gastric Bypass
Radioimmunoassay
Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay
Biology
Glucagon
Energy homeostasis
Mice
Random Allocation
Glucagon-Like Peptide 1
Weight loss
Internal medicine
Weight Loss
Internal Medicine
medicine
Animals
Peptide YY
Obesity
Diet, Fat-Restricted
Analysis of Variance
Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction
digestive, oral, and skin physiology
Glucagon-like peptide-1
Ghrelin
Endocrinology
Postprandial
Gastric Mucosa
medicine.symptom
Obesity Studies
hormones, hormone substitutes, and hormone antagonists
Subjects
Details
- ISSN :
- 1939327X and 00121797
- Volume :
- 60
- Database :
- OpenAIRE
- Journal :
- Diabetes
- Accession number :
- edsair.doi.dedup.....cd34aa06b2e6619a288af62c540cbefd