The use of Depletion Methods to assess Mediterranean cephalopod stocks under the current EU Data Collection Framework

Fuelled by the increasing importance of cephalopod fisheries in Europe, scientists and stakeholders have demanded their assessment and management. However, little has been done to improve the data collection under the EU Data Collection Framework (DCF) in order to analyse cephalopod populations. While the DCF allows member states to design flexible national sampling programmes, it establishes the minimum data requirements (MDR) each state is obliged to fulfil. This study was performed to investigate whether such MDR currently set by the DCF allow the application of depletion models (DMs) to assess European cephalopod stocks. Squid and cuttlefish fisheries from the western Mediterranean were used as a case study. This study sheds doubt on the suitability of the MDR to properly assess and manage cephalopod stocks by means of DMs. Owing to the high plasticity of life-history traits in cephalopod populations, biological parameters should be estimated during the actual depletion period of the fished stocks, rather than performing triennial sampling as established by the DCF. In order to accurately track the depletion event, the rapid growth rates of cephalopods implies that their populations should be monitored at shorter time scales (ideally weekly or biweekly) instead of quarterly as specified by the DCF. These measures would not require additional resources of the ongoing DCF but a redistribution of sampling efforts during the depletion period. Such changes in the sampling scheme could be designed and undertaken by the member states or directly integrated as requirements.
This study was performed under the Data Collection Framework (cofunded by the EU and the Spanish Institute of Oceanography, IEO) and the CONFLICT project (CGL2008-958; funded by the Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation). SK was financed by an IEO-FPI grant (2011/11)