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AngIV-Analog Dihexa Rescues Cognitive Impairment and Recovers Memory in the APP/PS1 Mouse via the PI3K/AKT Signaling Pathway
- Source :
- Brain Sciences, Vol 11, Iss 1487, p 1487 (2021), Brain Sciences, Volume 11, Issue 11
- Publication Year :
- 2021
- Publisher :
- MDPI AG, 2021.
-
Abstract
- The renin-angiotensin system (RAS) is a paracrine RAS within the central nervous system (CNS) and is closely related to Alzheimer’s disease (AD). The endogenous hexapeptide angiotensin IV (Ang IV), an important component of the brain RAS, was found to rescue cognitive impairment and recover memory in previous studies. In our study, we used different doses of Dihexa, which can be orally administered and cross the BBB in APP/PS1 mice. We found that the amount of AngIV in mouse tissue increased after the administration of Dihexa compared to that in the WT group. Meanwhile, Dihexa restored spatial learning and cognitive functions in the Morris water maze test. Dihexa increased the neuronal cells and the expression of SYP protein in APP/PS1 mice in Nissl staining. Furthermore, Dihexa decreased the activation of astrocytes and microglia, markedly reduced levels of the pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-1β and TNF-α and increased the levels of the anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10. Dihexa activated the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway, while PI3K inhibitor wortmannin significantly reversed the anti-inflammatory and anti-apoptotic effects of APP/PS1 mice. These findings highlight the brain AngIV/PI3K/AKT axis as a potential target for the treatment of AD.
- Subjects :
- Dihexa
PI3K/AKT
Microglia
Akt/PKB signaling pathway
General Neuroscience
Central nervous system
Morris water navigation task
Neurosciences. Biological psychiatry. Neuropsychiatry
Pharmacology
Article
Wortmannin
cognitive
chemistry.chemical_compound
medicine.anatomical_structure
chemistry
medicine
Protein kinase B
Alzheimer’s disease
PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway
RC321-571
Subjects
Details
- Language :
- English
- ISSN :
- 20763425
- Volume :
- 11
- Issue :
- 1487
- Database :
- OpenAIRE
- Journal :
- Brain Sciences
- Accession number :
- edsair.doi.dedup.....ccebfed79e86715741190fb71bee3a9a