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Phospholipase A2s and lipid peroxidation
- Source :
- Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Molecular and Cell Biology of Lipids. 1488:167-181
- Publication Year :
- 2000
- Publisher :
- Elsevier BV, 2000.
-
Abstract
- Lipid peroxidation of membrane phospholipids can proceed both enzymatically via the mammalian 15-lipoxygenase-1 or the NADPH-cytochrome P-450 reductase system and non-enzymatically. In some cells, such as reticulocytes, this process is biologically programmed, whereas in the majority of biological systems lipid peroxidation is a deleterious process that has to be repaired via a deacylation-reacylation cycle of phospholipid metabolism. Several reports in the literature pinpoint a stimulation by lipid peroxidation of the activity of secretory phospholipase A(2)s (mainly pancreatic and snake venom enzymes) which was originally interpreted as a repair function. However, recent experiments from our laboratory have demonstrated that in mixtures of lipoxygenated and native phospholipids the former are not preferably cleaved by either secretory or cytosolic phospholipase A(2)s. We propose that the platelet activating factor (PAF) acetylhydrolases of type II, which cleave preferentially peroxidised or lipoxygenated phospholipids, are competent for the phospholipid repair, irrespective of their role in PAF metabolism. A corresponding role of Ca(2+)-independent phospholipase A(2), which has been proposed to be involved in phospholipid remodelling in biomembranes, has not been addressed so far. Direct and indirect 15-lipoxygenation of phospholipids in biomembranes modulates cell signalling by several ways. The stimulation of phospholipase A(2)-mediated arachidonic acid release may constitute an alternative route of the arachidonic acid cascade. Thus, 15-lipoxygenase-mediated oxygenation of membrane phospholipids and its interaction with phospholipase A(2)s may play a crucial role in the pathogenesis of diseases, such as bronchial asthma and atherosclerosis.
- Subjects :
- Reticulocytes
Arteriosclerosis
Phospholipid
Biology
Phospholipase
Phospholipases A
Lipid peroxidation
Membrane Lipids
chemistry.chemical_compound
Animals
Arachidonate 15-Lipoxygenase
Humans
Molecular Biology
Phospholipids
Phospholipase A
Membranes
Phospholipase B
Platelet-activating factor
Cell Membrane
Erythrocyte Aging
Intracellular Membranes
Cell Biology
1-Alkyl-2-acetylglycerophosphocholine Esterase
Asthma
Cell biology
Adenosine Diphosphate
Oxidative Stress
chemistry
Biochemistry
Eicosanoids
Calcium
lipids (amino acids, peptides, and proteins)
Arachidonic acid
Lipid Peroxidation
NADP
Subjects
Details
- ISSN :
- 13881981
- Volume :
- 1488
- Database :
- OpenAIRE
- Journal :
- Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Molecular and Cell Biology of Lipids
- Accession number :
- edsair.doi.dedup.....cc8c82c3c409d87a70da9be5dd3058f2