The facilitated sensemaking model as a framework for nursing intervention on family members of mechanically ventilated patients in the intensive care unit

Adverse psychological outcomes are prevalent among family members of intensive care unit (ICU) patients. The facilitated sensemaking model (FSM) provides a framework for understanding how intensive care nurses can help these family members overcome situations in which a loved one is critically ill, and reduce adverse psychological outcomes through the facilitated sensemaking process.This study aimed to implement FSM-based research performed by ICU nurses and patients' family members to investigate the impact of the facilitated sensemaking intervention on the psychological status of ICU families.The intervention was performed by nurses on 80 family members of mechanically ventilated patients, 40 in the control group and 40 in the experimental group. The control group only received routine medical services, while the experimental group received the nursing intervention based on FSM in addition to routine medical services. Anxiety, depression, and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) were measured with the Self-Rating Anxiety Scale, Self-Rating Depression Scale, and Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder Check-List-Civilian Version (PCL-C), respectively. SPSS version 25.0 was applied to analyze the data; what is more, some statistical methods, including descriptive statistical analysis, chi-square test and t-test were further adopted.Before the intervention, there were no significant differences in anxiety, depression, and PTSD of family members of ICU mechanical ventilation patients between the two groups (p .05). After the intervention, the score of anxiety, depression, and PTSD of family members in the control group and the experimental group were 41.50 ± 5.738 versus 36.50 ± 4.385, p .001; 45.28 ± 8.089 versus 42.13 ± 5.725, p .05; and 30.55 ± 7.595 versus 27.55 ± 4.696, p .05, respectively. The nursing intervention based on FSM significantly alleviated anxiety, depression, and PTSD of mechanical ventilation patients' family members.The nursing intervention based on FSM significantly alleviated anxiety, depression, and PTSD of mechanical ventilation patients' family members. However, there was only a statistically significant difference in the avoidance and numbness symptom cluster of PTSD via the PCL-C. Therefore, the observation time after the implementation of the FSM intervention needs to be extended in the future to clarify the effect of the intervention. Further efforts by advanced practice nurses and the cooperation of patients' families are required to incorporate this intervention into ICU practice.