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Occurrence of Endocrine and Thyroid Cancers Among Alaska Native People, 1969-2013
- Source :
- Thyroid : official journal of the American Thyroid Association. 28(4)
- Publication Year :
- 2018
-
Abstract
- Background: Nationwide, the incidence of thyroid cancer is lower among American Indian/Alaska Native (AI/AN) people than among U.S. whites (USW). However, little is known about the incidence of thyroid or other endocrine cancers specifically among Alaska Native (AN) people. Methods: Data were examined from the National Cancer Institute's Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results Alaska Native Tumor Registry on endocrine cancers diagnosed among AN people from 1969–2013, with a specific focus on thyroid cancers. Frequencies of endocrine cancers by site and also of thyroid cancers by histology, size, and stage at diagnosis were evaluated. Distributions were compared to USW (Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results 9 Registries) using the chi-square test. Five-year average annual age-adjusted incidence rates of thyroid cancers were calculated, stratified by histology, age, and five-year period of diagnosis, and compared to those observed among USW. Five-year cause-specific survival was evaluated using cause of death data from the National Death Index Plus from the National Center for Health Statistics. Results: During the 45-year period (1969–2013), 224 endocrine cancers were diagnosed among AN people, of which 210 (94%) were thyroid cancers. Compared to USW, AN people were diagnosed at a slightly younger age, had a higher proportion of thyroid cancers diagnosed with a size of 20–40 mm, and a larger proportion of patients with regional metastases. More than 85% of AN thyroid cancers were of papillary histology. The incidence of thyroid cancers was similar between AN people and USW, and appeared to increase among AN people over the period of surveillance. Finally, five-year cause-specific survival rate was 100% for papillary carcinoma patients and 86.3% [confidence interval 54.7–96.5] for follicular thyroid cancer patients. Conclusions: This study is the first report of endocrine cancers and the first detailed examination of thyroid cancer among AN people. The incidence of thyroid cancer was similar among AN people and USW. However, compared to USW, AN people appear to be at risk for diagnosis at a younger age, larger size, and higher stage. Further research is needed to explore the causes of these differences.
- Subjects :
- Oncology
Adult
Male
medicine.medical_specialty
Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism
Adrenal Gland Neoplasms
03 medical and health sciences
0302 clinical medicine
Endocrinology
Endocrine Cancers
Internal medicine
Epidemiology
medicine
Endocrine system
Humans
Pituitary Neoplasms
Registries
Thyroid Neoplasms
Thyroid cancer
Aged
030505 public health
business.industry
Incidence (epidemiology)
Incidence
Thyroid
Cancer
Thyroid Cancer and Nodules
Middle Aged
medicine.disease
Alaskan Natives
Tumor registry
United States
medicine.anatomical_structure
Parathyroid Neoplasms
030220 oncology & carcinogenesis
Female
0305 other medical science
business
Subjects
Details
- ISSN :
- 15579077
- Volume :
- 28
- Issue :
- 4
- Database :
- OpenAIRE
- Journal :
- Thyroid : official journal of the American Thyroid Association
- Accession number :
- edsair.doi.dedup.....ca32ca86d4517a2b0be7c1b3e0705dc1