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Steps of the Replication Cycle of the Viral Haemorrhagic Septicaemia Virus (VHSV) Affecting Its Virulence on Fish
- Source :
- Minerva: Repositorio Institucional de la Universidad de Santiago de Compostela, Universidad de Santiago de Compostela (USC), Minerva. Repositorio Institucional de la Universidad de Santiago de Compostela, instname, Animals : an Open Access Journal from MDPI, Animals, Volume 10, Issue 12, Animals, Vol 10, Iss 2264, p 2264 (2020), López-Vázquez, C, Bandín, I, Panzarin, V, Toffan, A, Cuenca, A, Olesen, N J & Dopazo, C P 2020, ' Steps of the Replication Cycle of the Viral Haemorrhagic Septicaemia Virus (VHSV) Affecting Its Virulence on Fish ', Animals, vol. 10, no. 12, 2264 . https://doi.org/10.3390/ani10122264
- Publication Year :
- 2020
- Publisher :
- MDPI, 2020.
-
Abstract
- Simple Summary Replication studies are frequently based on viral production, which provides limited information to understand certain processes. Therefore, to discover which failures in the viral haemorrhagic septicaemia virus (VHSV) replication cycle might be involved in the differences in its virulence on fish, a different approach has been taken. Our results have demonstrated that adsorption and morphogenesis are the steps most involved in the modulation of virulence, although failures in the synthesis step were also observed. As a potential application of our results, we believe that this kind of knowledge relating in vivo virulence to in vitro markers could help reduce the need for experimental infections in animals, representing a step forward in ethical issues. Abstract The viral haemorrhagic septicaemia virus (VHSV), a single-stranded negative-sense RNA novirhabdovirus affecting a wide range of marine and freshwater fish species, is a main concern for European rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) fish farmers. Its genome is constituted by six genes, codifying five structural and one nonstructural proteins. Many studies have been carried out to determine the participation of each gene in the VHSV virulence, most of them based on genome sequence analysis and/or reverse genetics to construct specific mutants and to evaluate their virulence phenotype. In the present study, we have used a different approach with a similar aim: hypothesizing that a failure in any step of the replication cycle can reduce the virulence in vivo, we studied in depth the in vitro replication of VHSV in different cell lines, using sets of strains from different origins, with high, low and moderate levels of virulence for fish. The results demonstrated that several steps in the viral replication cycle could affect VHSV virulence in fish, including adsorption, RNA synthesis and morphogenesis (including viral release). Notably, differences among strains in any step of the replication cycle were mostly strain-specific and reflected only in part the in vivo phenotype (high and low virulent). Our data, therefore, support the need for further studies aimed to construct completely avirulent VHSV recombinants targeting a combination of genes rather than a single one in order to study the mechanisms of genes interplay and their effect on viral phenotype in vitro and in vivo.
- Subjects :
- novirhabdovirus
Trout
Virulence
Biology
Genome
Article
Novirhabdovirus
03 medical and health sciences
viral cycle
lcsh:Zoology
lcsh:QL1-991
Viral cycle
RNA synthesis
Gene
030304 developmental biology
Genetics
0303 health sciences
trout
lcsh:Veterinary medicine
General Veterinary
030306 microbiology
viral production
RNA
biology.organism_classification
Phenotype
Reverse genetics
Viral replication
lcsh:SF600-1100
Animal Science and Zoology
Viral production
Subjects
Details
- Database :
- OpenAIRE
- Journal :
- Minerva: Repositorio Institucional de la Universidad de Santiago de Compostela, Universidad de Santiago de Compostela (USC), Minerva. Repositorio Institucional de la Universidad de Santiago de Compostela, instname, Animals : an Open Access Journal from MDPI, Animals, Volume 10, Issue 12, Animals, Vol 10, Iss 2264, p 2264 (2020), López-Vázquez, C, Bandín, I, Panzarin, V, Toffan, A, Cuenca, A, Olesen, N J & Dopazo, C P 2020, ' Steps of the Replication Cycle of the Viral Haemorrhagic Septicaemia Virus (VHSV) Affecting Its Virulence on Fish ', Animals, vol. 10, no. 12, 2264 . https://doi.org/10.3390/ani10122264
- Accession number :
- edsair.doi.dedup.....c79e2ac56e4a01fe3912157ac37e4d4a