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Inhalation and Dermal Uptake of Particle and Gas-Phase Phthalates-A Human Exposure Study

Inhalation and Dermal Uptake of Particle and Gas-Phase Phthalates-A Human Exposure Study

Authors :
Axel Eriksson
Anders Gudmundsson
Christina Andersen
Aneta Wierzbicka
Joakim Pagels
Christian H. Lindh
Jörn Nielsen
Annette M. Krais
Jonas Jakobsson
Jakob Löndahl
Source :
Environmental sciencetechnology. 52(21)
Publication Year :
2018

Abstract

Phthalates are ubiquitous in indoor environments, which raises concern about their endocrine-disrupting properties. However, studies of human uptake from airborne exposure are limited. We studied the inhalation uptake and dermal uptake by air-to-skin transfer with clean clothing as a barrier of two deuterium-labeled airborne phthalates: particle-phase D4-DEHP (di(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate) and gas-phase D4-DEP (diethyl phthalate). Sixteen participants, wearing trousers and long-sleeved shirts, were under controlled conditions exposed to airborne phthalates in four exposure scenarios: dermal uptake alone and combined inhalation + dermal uptake of both phthalates. The results showed an average uptake of D4-DEHP by inhalation of 0.0014 ± 0.00088 (μg kg–1 bw)/(μg m–3)/h. No dermal uptake of D4-DEHP was observed during the 3 h exposure with clean clothing. The deposited dose of D4-DEHP accounted for 26% of the total inhaled D4-DEHP mass. For D4-DEP, the average uptake by inhalation + dermal was 0.0067 ± 0.0045 an...

Details

ISSN :
15205851
Volume :
52
Issue :
21
Database :
OpenAIRE
Journal :
Environmental sciencetechnology
Accession number :
edsair.doi.dedup.....c78a68985da6546052853c4f77d95f7c