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Responses in bacterial community structure to waste nutrients from aquaculture: an in situ microcosm experiment in a Chilean fjord
- Source :
- Aquaculture Environment Interactions, Vol 9, Pp 21-32 (2017), Aquaculture Environment Interactions, Artículos CONICYT, CONICYT Chile, instacron:CONICYT
- Publication Year :
- 2017
- Publisher :
- Inter-Research, 2017.
-
Abstract
- Chilean salmon farms release inorganic nutrients excreted by the fish into the surrounding water in Patagonian fjords. The objective of this experiment from the Comau Fjord (42.2° S) in southern Chile was to study how increased input of ammonium (NH4) and phosphate (PO4) from salmon farms might affect the community structure of bacteria in surface waters where fish farms are located. We used microcosms (35 l) with NH4-N and PO4-P added to the natural seawater in a gradient of nutrient-loading rates, with the same N:P ratio as in salmon aquaculture effluents. Additionally, we measured bacterial community structure at different depths in the Comau Fjord to assess the natural variation to compare with our experiment. We used denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE) to create 16S rDNA fingerprints of the bacterial communities and monitored biological and environmental variables (chlorophyll a, inorganic nutrients, pH, microbial abundance). The nutrient-loading rate had a significant impact on the bacterial community structure, and the community dissimilarity between low and high nutrient additions was up to 78%. Of the measured environmental variables, phytoplankton abundance and increased pH from photosynthesis had a significant effect. We observed no significant changes in bacterial diversity, which remained at the same level as in the unmanipulated community. Thus, the bacterial community of the fjord was not resistant, but resilient within the time frame and nutrient gradient of our experiment. © The authors 2017. Open Access under Creative Commons by Attribution Licence. Use, distribution and reproduction are unrestricted. Authors and original publication must be credited.
- Subjects :
- 0106 biological sciences
0301 basic medicine
030106 microbiology
Fjord
Aquaculture
Management, Monitoring, Policy and Law
Aquatic Science
01 natural sciences
lcsh:Aquaculture. Fisheries. Angling
03 medical and health sciences
Nutrient
lcsh:QH540-549.5
Microbial community
Patagonia
Chile
Water Science and Technology
lcsh:SH1-691
geography
geography.geographical_feature_category
business.industry
Ecology
010604 marine biology & hydrobiology
Community structure
Eutrophication
Fishery
Microbial population biology
Bacterial diversity
Environmental science
lcsh:Ecology
business
Microcosm
Subjects
Details
- Language :
- English
- ISSN :
- 18697534
- Volume :
- 9
- Database :
- OpenAIRE
- Journal :
- Aquaculture Environment Interactions
- Accession number :
- edsair.doi.dedup.....c77d0aee75929720013642e76a03bdc6