N−3 PUFAs modulate global gene expression profile in cultured rat cardiomyocytes. Implications in cardiac hypertrophy and heart failure

In cardiac cells the effects of n−3 PUFAs on the whole genome are still unknown despite their recognized cardioprotective effects and ability to modulate gene expression. We have evaluated the effects of n−3 PUFAs supplementation on the global gene expression profile in cultured neonatal rat cardiomyocytes, detecting many genes related to lipid transport and metabolism among the upregulated ones. Many of the downregulated genes appeared related to inflammation, cell growth, extracellular and cardiac matrix remodelling, calcium movements and ROS generation. Our data allow to speculate that the cardioprotective effect of n−3 PUFAs is related to a direct modulation of genes in cardiac cells.