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Magnesium intake, bone mineral density, and fractures: results from the Women’s Health Initiative Observational Study
- Source :
- The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition. 99:926-933
- Publication Year :
- 2014
- Publisher :
- Elsevier BV, 2014.
-
Abstract
- Author(s): Orchard, Tonya S; Larson, Joseph C; Alghothani, Nora; Bout-Tabaku, Sharon; Cauley, Jane A; Chen, Zhao; LaCroix, Andrea Z; Wactawski-Wende, Jean; Jackson, Rebecca D | Abstract: BackgroundMagnesium is a necessary component of bone, but its relation to osteoporotic fractures is unclear.ObjectiveWe examined magnesium intake as a risk factor for osteoporotic fractures and altered bone mineral density (BMD).DesignThis prospective cohort study included 73,684 postmenopausal women enrolled in the Women's Health Initiative Observational Study. Total daily magnesium intake was estimated from baseline food-frequency questionnaires plus supplements. Hip fractures were confirmed by a medical record review; other fractures were identified by self-report. A baseline BMD analysis was performed in 4778 participants.ResultsBaseline hip BMD was 3% higher (P l 0.001), and whole-body BMD was 2% higher (P l 0.001), in women who consumed g422.5 compared with l206.5 mg Mg/d. However, the incidence and RR of hip and total fractures did not differ across quintiles of magnesium. In contrast, risk of lower-arm or wrist fractures increased with higher magnesium intake [multivariate-adjusted HRs of 1.15 (95% CI: 1.01, 1.32) and 1.23 (95% CI: 1.07, 1.42) for quintiles 4 and 5, respectively, compared with quintile 1; P-trend = 0.002]. In addition, women with the highest magnesium intakes were more physically active and at increased risk of falls [HR for quintile 4: 1.11 (95% CI: 1.06, 1.16); HR for quintile 5: 1.15 (95% CI: 1.10, 1.20); P-trend l 0.001].ConclusionsLower magnesium intake is associated with lower BMD of the hip and whole body, but this result does not translate into increased risk of fractures. A magnesium consumption slightly greater than the Recommended Dietary Allowance is associated with increased lower-arm and wrist fractures that are possibly related to more physical activity and falls.
- Subjects :
- medicine.medical_specialty
Bone density
Osteoporosis
Medicine (miscellaneous)
Medical Records
Bone and Bones
Cohort Studies
Nutritional Epidemiology and Public Health
Bone Density
Risk Factors
Surveys and Questionnaires
Magnesium deficiency (medicine)
Internal medicine
medicine
Humans
Magnesium
Risk factor
Osteoporosis, Postmenopausal
Aged
Bone mineral
Nutrition and Dietetics
Hip Fractures
business.industry
Incidence
Women's Health Initiative
Middle Aged
Wrist
medicine.disease
United States
Diet
Dietary Reference Intake
Dietary Supplements
Physical therapy
Female
business
Magnesium Deficiency
Osteoporotic Fractures
Cohort study
Subjects
Details
- ISSN :
- 00029165
- Volume :
- 99
- Database :
- OpenAIRE
- Journal :
- The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition
- Accession number :
- edsair.doi.dedup.....c6d07c4e701bd56f3ee86470dd65b605