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Diets naturally rich in polyphenols and/or long-chain n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids differently affect microbiota composition in high-cardiometabolic-risk individuals
- Source :
- Vetrani, C, Maukonen, J, Bozzetto, L, Della Pepa, G, Vitale, M, Costabile, G, Riccardi, G, Rivellese, A A, Saarela, M & Annuzzi, G 2020, ' Diets naturally rich in polyphenols and/or long-chain n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids differently affect microbiota composition in high-cardiometabolic-risk individuals ', Acta Diabetologica, vol. 57, no. 7, pp. 853-860 . https://doi.org/10.1007/s00592-020-01494-9
- Publication Year :
- 2020
-
Abstract
- Aims: Gut microbiota significantly impacts human health and is influenced by dietary changes. We evaluated the effects of diets naturally rich in polyphenols (PP) and/or long-chain n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (LCn3) on microbiota composition in an ancillary analysis of a randomized controlled trial in individuals at high cardiometabolic risk. Methods: Seventy-eight individuals with high waist circumference and at least one additional component of the metabolic syndrome were randomized to an isoenergetic 8-week diet: (a) low LCn3 and PP; (b) high LCn3; (c) high PP; or (d) high LCn3 and PP. Microbiota analysis was performed on feces collected before and after the intervention. DGGE analysis of the predominant bacteria, Eubacterium rectale and Blautia coccoides group (Lachnospiraceae, EREC), Clostridium leptum (Ruminococcaceae, CLEPT), Bacteroides spp., Bifidobacteria, and Lactobacillus group was performed. A quantitative real-time PCR was performed for the same group, additionally including Atopobium cluster (Coriobatteriaceae). Before and after the intervention, participants underwent a 75 g OGTT and a high-fat test meal to evaluate glucose and lipid response. Results: Adherence to the four diets was optimal. PP significantly increased microbial diversity (p = 0.006) and CLEPT (p = 0.015), while it reduced EREC (p = 0.044). LCn3 significantly increased the numbers of Bifidobacteria (p = 0.041). Changes in CLEPT numbers correlated with changes in early insulin secretion (r = 0.263, p = 0.030). Changes in Atopobium numbers correlated with postprandial triglycerides in plasma (r = 0.266, p = 0.026) and large VLDL (r = 0.313, p = 0.009), and cholesterol in large VLDL (r = 0.319, p = 0.008). Conclusions: Diets naturally rich in PP or LCn3 influenced gut microbiota composition in individuals at high cardiometabolic risk. These modifications were associated with changes in glucose/lipid metabolism.
- Subjects :
- Very low-density lipoprotein
Atopobium
Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism
030209 endocrinology & metabolism
Gut microbiota
030204 cardiovascular system & hematology
Gut flora
03 medical and health sciences
0302 clinical medicine
Endocrinology
SDG 3 - Good Health and Well-being
Lactobacillus
Internal Medicine
medicine
Food science
chemistry.chemical_classification
biology
Lachnospiraceae
Polyphenols
Glucose tolerance
General Medicine
Long-chain n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids
biology.organism_classification
medicine.disease
Long-chain n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid
Diet
Postprandial
Microbiota diversity
chemistry
Metabolic syndrome
Lipid response
Polyunsaturated fatty acid
Subjects
Details
- Language :
- English
- Database :
- OpenAIRE
- Journal :
- Vetrani, C, Maukonen, J, Bozzetto, L, Della Pepa, G, Vitale, M, Costabile, G, Riccardi, G, Rivellese, A A, Saarela, M & Annuzzi, G 2020, ' Diets naturally rich in polyphenols and/or long-chain n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids differently affect microbiota composition in high-cardiometabolic-risk individuals ', Acta Diabetologica, vol. 57, no. 7, pp. 853-860 . https://doi.org/10.1007/s00592-020-01494-9
- Accession number :
- edsair.doi.dedup.....c6ca54e604e54483d5f48934b8238e39