The surgical gender gap: the impact of surgeon gender in medicine and gynecologic surgery

The purpose of this review is to summarize the current literature evaluating the effect of surgeon gender on patient outcomes and satisfaction, and the impact of gender bias on female surgeons.The proportion of female physicians has increased in recent years, especially in Obstetrics and Gynecology. Recent literature assessing this impact supports equivalent or superior medical and surgical outcomes for women surgeons and physicians. It also reveals superior counseling and communication styles as perceived by patients. However, women in medicine receive lower patient ratings in competence, medical knowledge, and technical skills despite the existing evidence. Additionally, female physicians experience pay inequality, limited advancement opportunities, higher prevalence of microaggressions, and higher rates of burnout.Recognition of gender bias is essential to correcting this issue and improving the negative impact it has on female physicians, our patients, and the field of women's health.