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The burden of lung cancer mortality attributable to fine particles in China
- Source :
- Science of The Total Environment. 579:1460-1466
- Publication Year :
- 2017
- Publisher :
- Elsevier BV, 2017.
-
Abstract
- Although studies have examined the associations between fine particles (PM2.5) and lung cancer mortality in US and European countries, the evidence is still limited for China. In addition, no study has provided estimates of spatial variation in lung cancer mortality attributable to PM2.5 in China. In this study, we quantified the associations between lung cancer mortality and PM2.5, using a spatiotemporal model with observed data of lung cancer mortality from 75 communities from the National Cancer Registration of China from 1990 to 2009 and the annual concentrations of PM2.5 at 0.5°×0.5° spatial resolution. We also estimated lung cancer mortality burden attributable to PM2.5 in China, with predicted county level lung cancer deaths in 2005. We found that the PM2.5-lung cancer mortality associations were non-linear, with thresholds of 40μg/m3 overall, 45μg/m3 for male, 42μg/m3 for female, 45μg/m3 for those aged 30-64years, 48μg/m3 for those aged 65-74years, and 40μg/m3 for those aged 75years and more, above which the relative risks were 1.08 (95% CI: 1.07, 1.09), 1.07 (95% CI: 1.05, 1.08), 1.12 (95% CI: 1.1, 1.14), 1.05 (95% CI: 1.04, 1.07), 1.07 (95% CI: 1.06, 1.09), and 1.14 (95% CI: 1.12, 1.16) respectively. There were 51,219 (95% CI: 45,745-56,512) lung cancer deaths attributed to PM2.5 in 2005, with attributable fractions of 13.7% (95% CI: 12.23-15.11%) overall, 10.01% (95% CI: 8.37-11.58%) for men, 18.06% (95% CI: 15.81-20.18%) for women, 8.35% (95% CI: 6.07-10.51%) for those aged 65-74years, 9.73% (95% CI: 7.6-11.75%) for those aged 65-74years, 21.7% (95% CI: 19.27-23.99%) for those aged 75years or more. In conclusion, assuming a causal relation a reduction in exposure levels of PM2.5 below thresholds would avert a substantial number of deaths from lung cancer in China.
- Subjects :
- China
medicine.medical_specialty
Lung Neoplasms
Environmental Engineering
Cancer registration
010501 environmental sciences
01 natural sciences
Toxicology
03 medical and health sciences
0302 clinical medicine
Air Pollution
Internal medicine
medicine
Humans
Environmental Chemistry
Lung cancer
County level
Waste Management and Disposal
0105 earth and related environmental sciences
Cancer mortality
Air Pollutants
Causal relations
Environmental Exposure
Environmental exposure
medicine.disease
Pollution
030220 oncology & carcinogenesis
Relative risk
Attributable risk
Particulate Matter
Subjects
Details
- ISSN :
- 00489697
- Volume :
- 579
- Database :
- OpenAIRE
- Journal :
- Science of The Total Environment
- Accession number :
- edsair.doi.dedup.....c4a74ad771da1247ec067a97a6e79dd1