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Human T-cell leukaemia/lymphoma virus type 1 syncytium formation is regulated in a cell-specific manner by ICAM-1, ICAM-3 and VCAM-1 and can be inhibited by antibodies to integrin beta2 or beta7
- Source :
- The Journal of general virology. 80
- Publication Year :
- 1999
-
Abstract
- Human T-cell leukaemia/lymphoma virus type 1 (HTLV-1) is a pathogenic retrovirus responsible for a number of inflammatory pathologies and adult T-cell leukaemia. Although T-cell tropic in vivo, HTLV-1 can infect a wide variety of cell types in vitro. Cell-to-cell spread of HTLV-1 may require specific binding of envelope to its cellular receptor, with other cell-surface molecules facilitating fusion. Here it is shown that intercellular adhesion molecule-1 or -3 (ICAM-1, ICAM-3) or vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1) are required for syncytium formation of K562 with HTLV-1-infected MT2 cells but not C91-PL cells. The effect of ICAMs and VCAM-1 on MT2-induced fusion can be blocked by antibodies that bind beta-integrins. These fusion co-factor molecules are effective only when present in combination with HTLV-1 receptor-bearing cells and are not sufficient to mediate syncytium formation alone. The results suggest that engagement of HTLV-1-infected cells with susceptible target cells requires the simultaneous binding of viral envelope glycoprotein to the cellular receptor and co-factor molecules to beta-integrins. The tissue-specific expression of adhesion molecules might therefore influence HTLV-1 virus tropism and pathogenic changes associated with syncytium formation.
- Subjects :
- Integrins
Integrin beta Chains
viruses
Integrin
Vascular Cell Adhesion Molecule-1
Biology
Antibodies, Viral
Transfection
Giant Cells
Cell Line
chemistry.chemical_compound
Mice
Cytopathogenic Effect, Viral
immune system diseases
Antigens, CD
hemic and lymphatic diseases
Virology
Cell Adhesion
Animals
Humans
VCAM-1
Cell adhesion
Syncytium
Human T-lymphotropic virus 1
Cell adhesion molecule
virus diseases
Intercellular adhesion molecule
Flow Cytometry
Intercellular Adhesion Molecule-1
Antigens, Differentiation
Cell biology
chemistry
CD18 Antigens
biology.protein
Neural cell adhesion molecule
Cell Adhesion Molecules
K562 cells
Subjects
Details
- ISSN :
- 00221317
- Volume :
- 80
- Database :
- OpenAIRE
- Journal :
- The Journal of general virology
- Accession number :
- edsair.doi.dedup.....c459f163eab71a359a410c19624e33ec