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Drug Contamination of U.S. Paper Currency and Forensic Relevance of Canine Alert to Paper Currency: A Critical Review of the Scientific Literature
- Source :
- Journal of forensic sciences, vol 63, iss 5, Poupko, JM; Hearn, WL; & Rossano, F. (2018). Drug Contamination of US Paper Currency and Forensic Relevance of Canine Alert to Paper Currency: A Critical Review of the Scientific Literature. JOURNAL OF FORENSIC SCIENCES, 63(5), 1340-1345. doi: 10.1111/1556-4029.13755. UC San Diego: Retrieved from: http://www.escholarship.org/uc/item/954036pw
- Publication Year :
- 2018
- Publisher :
- eScholarship, University of California, 2018.
-
Abstract
- Several studies have reported on wide-spread contamination of U.S. paper currency with cocaine and to a lesser extent other illicit drugs. Canines are trained and employed to search for and alert to drugs. Canine alert to currency has been used as evidence that currency has been directly involved in illicit drug trafficking to justify currency seizure and forfeiture. This assertion, particularly when the only evidence is based upon canine alert, has been challenged in the courts considering that most currency in circulation is contaminated with cocaine. Comprehensive review of the scientific literature establishes that (i) 67-100% of circulated U.S. currency is contaminated with cocaine ranging from a few nanograms to over one milligram/bill (ii) various biological and environmental parameters impact canine alert to drugs. It is concluded that canine alert to U.S. currency is not sufficiently reliable to determine that currency was directly used in an illicit drug transaction.
- Subjects :
- Paper
Drug Contamination
forensic science
Clinical Sciences
Street Drugs
cocaine
Monetary economics
Scientific literature
currency contamination
01 natural sciences
Pathology and Forensic Medicine
03 medical and health sciences
0302 clinical medicine
Dogs
critical review
Cocaine
Genetics
Illicit drug
Relevance (law)
Animals
Humans
Circulation (currency)
030216 legal & forensic medicine
Drug Trafficking
canine alert
Illicit Drugs
010401 analytical chemistry
Forensic Sciences
United States
0104 chemical sciences
Smell
Currency
Odorants
Business
Legal & Forensic Medicine
Other Biological Sciences
Other Chemical Sciences
forensic relevance
Subjects
Details
- Database :
- OpenAIRE
- Journal :
- Journal of forensic sciences, vol 63, iss 5, Poupko, JM; Hearn, WL; & Rossano, F. (2018). Drug Contamination of US Paper Currency and Forensic Relevance of Canine Alert to Paper Currency: A Critical Review of the Scientific Literature. JOURNAL OF FORENSIC SCIENCES, 63(5), 1340-1345. doi: 10.1111/1556-4029.13755. UC San Diego: Retrieved from: http://www.escholarship.org/uc/item/954036pw
- Accession number :
- edsair.doi.dedup.....c454600bb338a2f3781021bf53100a99