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Visceral Adipose Tissue Drives Cardiac Aging Through Modulation of Fibroblast Senescence by Osteopontin Production
- Source :
- Circulation, Circulation, American Heart Association, 2018, 138 (8), pp.809-822. ⟨10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.117.031358⟩
- Publication Year :
- 2018
-
Abstract
- Background: Aging induces cardiac structural and functional changes linked to the increased deposition of extracellular matrix proteins, including OPN (osteopontin), conducing to progressive interstitial fibrosis. Although OPN is involved in various pathological conditions, its role in myocardial aging remains unknown. Methods: OPN deficient mice (OPN-/-) with their wild-type (WT) littermates were evaluated at 2 and 14 months of age in terms of cardiac structure, function, histology and key molecular markers. OPN expression was determined by reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction, immunoblot and immunofluorescence. Luminex assays were performed to screen plasma samples for various cytokines/adipokines in addition to OPN. Similar explorations were conducted in aged WT mice after surgical removal of visceral adipose tissue (VAT) or treatment with a small-molecule OPN inhibitor agelastatin A. Primary WT fibroblasts were incubated with plasma from aged WT and OPN-/- mice, and evaluated for senescence (senescence-associated β-galactosidase and p16), as well as fibroblast activation markers (Acta2 and Fn1). Results: Plasma OPN levels increased in WT mice during aging, with VAT showing the strongest OPN induction contrasting with myocardium that did not express OPN. VAT removal in aged WT mice restored cardiac function and decreased myocardial fibrosis in addition to a substantial reduction of circulating OPN and transforming growth factor β levels. OPN deficiency provided a comparable protection against age-related cardiac fibrosis and dysfunction. Intriguingly, a strong induction of senescence in cardiac fibroblasts was observed in both VAT removal and OPN-/- mice. The addition of plasma from aged OPN-/- mice to cultures of primary cardiac fibroblasts induced senescence and reduced their activation (compared to aged WT plasma). Finally, Agelastatin A treatment of aged WT mice fully reversed age-related myocardial fibrosis and dysfunction. Conclusions: During aging, VAT represents the main source of OPN and alters heart structure and function via its profibrotic secretome. As a proof-of-concept, interventions targeting OPN, such as VAT removal and OPN deficiency, rescued the heart and induced a selective modulation of fibroblast senescence. Our work uncovers OPN’s role in the context of myocardial aging and proposes OPN as a potential new therapeutic target for a healthy cardiac aging.
- Subjects :
- 0301 basic medicine
Cardiac function curve
Senescence
Male
medicine.medical_specialty
Aging
Cardiac fibrosis
[SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio]
Adipose tissue
030204 cardiovascular system & hematology
Intra-Abdominal Fat
Proof of Concept Study
Ventricular Function, Left
03 medical and health sciences
Ventricular Dysfunction, Left
0302 clinical medicine
stomatognathic system
Fibrosis
Physiology (medical)
Internal medicine
Paracrine Communication
Medicine
Animals
Humans
Osteopontin
Fibroblast
Cells, Cultured
Cellular Senescence
Cell Proliferation
Mice, Knockout
biology
Ventricular Remodeling
business.industry
Myocardium
Age Factors
Fibroblasts
medicine.disease
Mice, Inbred C57BL
030104 developmental biology
Endocrinology
medicine.anatomical_structure
biology.protein
Myocardial fibrosis
Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine
business
Signal Transduction
Subjects
Details
- ISSN :
- 15244539 and 00097322
- Volume :
- 138
- Issue :
- 8
- Database :
- OpenAIRE
- Journal :
- Circulation
- Accession number :
- edsair.doi.dedup.....c419f95ac20d526db127ad9bb5bba596