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Papillary thyroid carcinoma behavior: clues in the tumor microenvironment
- Source :
- Endocr Relat Cancer
- Publication Year :
- 2019
- Publisher :
- Bioscientifica, 2019.
-
Abstract
- The prevalence of thyroid carcinoma is increasing and represents the most common endocrine malignancy, with papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) being the most frequent subtype. The genetic alterations identified in PTCs fail to distinguish tumors with different clinical behaviors, such as extra-thyroidal extension and lymph node metastasis. We hypothesize that the immune microenvironment may play a critical role in tumor invasion and metastasis. Computational immunogenomic analysis was performed on 568 PTC samples in The Cancer Genome Atlas using CIBERSORT, TIMER and TIDE deconvolution analytic tools for characterizing immune cell composition. Immune cell infiltrates were correlated with histologic type, mutational type, tumor pathologic T stage and lymph node N stage. Dendritic cells (DCs) are highly associated with more locally advanced tumor T stage (T3/T4, odds ratio (OR) = 2.6, CI = 1.4–4.5, P = 5.4 × 10−4). Increased dendritic cells (OR = 3.4, CI = 1.9–6.3, P = 5.5 × 10−5) and neutrophils (OR = 10.5, CI = 2.7–44, P = 8.7 × 10−4) significantly correlate with lymph node metastasis. In addition, dendritic cells positively correlate with tall cell morphology (OR = 4.5, CI = 1.6–13, P = 4.9 × 10−3) and neutrophils negatively correlate with follicular morphology (OR = 1.3 × 10−3, CI = 5.3 × 10−5–0.031, P = 4.1 × 10−5). TIDE analysis indicates an immune-exclusive phenotype that may be mediated by increased galectin-3 found in PTCs. Thus, characterization of the PTC immune microenvironment using three computational platforms shows that specific immune cells correlate with mutational type, histologic type, local tumor extent and lymph node metastasis. Immunologic evaluation of PTCs may provide a better indication of biologic behavior, resulting in the improved diagnosis and treatment of thyroid cancer.
- Subjects :
- Adult
Male
Cancer Research
Adolescent
Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism
Cell
Malignancy
Article
Metastasis
Thyroid carcinoma
Young Adult
Lymphocytes, Tumor-Infiltrating
Endocrinology
Immune system
Biomarkers, Tumor
Tumor Microenvironment
Humans
Medicine
Thyroid Neoplasms
Lymph node
Thyroid cancer
Aged
Aged, 80 and over
Tumor microenvironment
business.industry
Middle Aged
Prognosis
medicine.disease
medicine.anatomical_structure
Oncology
Thyroid Cancer, Papillary
Mutation
Cancer research
Female
business
Follow-Up Studies
Subjects
Details
- ISSN :
- 14796821 and 13510088
- Volume :
- 26
- Database :
- OpenAIRE
- Journal :
- Endocrine-Related Cancer
- Accession number :
- edsair.doi.dedup.....c3e9239da8c96d5c5d3cd9ca79fe6369