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Saccharomyces boulardii improves intestinal cell restitution through activation of the α2β1 integrin collagen receptor
- Source :
- PLoS ONE, PLoS ONE, Vol 6, Iss 3, p e18427 (2011)
- Publication Year :
- 2010
-
Abstract
- Intestinal epithelial cell damage is frequently seen in the mucosal lesions of inflammatory bowel diseases such as ulcerative colitis or Crohn's disease. Complete remission of these diseases requires both the cessation of inflammation and the migration of enterocytes to repair the damaged epithelium. Lyophilized Saccharomyces boulardii (Sb, Biocodex) is a nonpathogenic yeast widely used as a therapeutic agent for the treatment and prevention of diarrhea and other gastrointestinal disorders. In this study, we determined whether Sb could accelerate enterocyte migration. Cell migration was determined in Sb force-fed C57BL6J mice and in an in vitro wound model. The impact on α2β1 integrin activity was assessed using adhesion assays and the analysis of α2β1 mediated signaling pathways both in vitro and in vivo. We demonstrated that Sb secretes compounds that enhance the migration of enterocytes independently of cell proliferation. This enhanced migration was associated with the ability of Sb to favor cell-extracellular matrix interaction. Indeed, the yeast activates α2β1 integrin collagen receptors. This leads to an increase in tyrosine phosphorylation of cytoplasmic molecules, including focal adhesion kinase and paxillin, involved in the integrin signaling pathway. These changes are associated with the reorganization of focal adhesion structures. In conclusion Sb secretes motogenic factors that enhance cell restitution through the dynamic regulation of α2β1 integrin activity. This could be of major importance in the development of novel therapies targeting diseases characterized by severe mucosal injury, such as inflammatory and infectious bowel diseases.
- Subjects :
- Receptors, Collagen
BiologyMicrobiologyMycologyYeastModel organismsAnimal modelsMouseMolecular cell biologyCell adhesionIntegrinsCellular typesEpithelial cellsExtracellular matrixExtracellular matrix adhesionsSignal transductionSignaling pathwaysMedicineClinical immunologyAutoimmune diseasesCrohn diseaseGastroenterology and hepatologyInflammatory bowel diseaseCrohn diseaseUlcerative colitis
Integrin
lcsh:Medicine
Collagen receptor
Focal adhesion
Mice
Saccharomyces
Cell Movement
Cell Adhesion
Animals
Humans
lcsh:Science
Cell adhesion
Paxillin
Integrin Signaling Pathway
Multidisciplinary
biology
Probiotics
lcsh:R
biology.organism_classification
Immunohistochemistry
Cell biology
Enterocytes
Immunology
biology.protein
lcsh:Q
Female
Signal transduction
Caco-2 Cells
Integrin alpha2beta1
HT29 Cells
Saccharomyces boulardii
Research Article
Subjects
Details
- ISSN :
- 19326203
- Volume :
- 6
- Issue :
- 3
- Database :
- OpenAIRE
- Journal :
- PloS one
- Accession number :
- edsair.doi.dedup.....c30e8a42873e473009dbf37bb7822b24