Dynamic optical coherence tomography of skin blood vessels - proposed terminology and practical guidelines

Background Dynamic optical coherence tomography (D-OCT) has recently been introduced in dermatology. In contrast to 'Standard' OCT imaging, which exclusively relies on the morphological analysis of the tissue, D-OCT allows the in vivo visualization of blood flow. Preliminary D-OCT data showed differences in the vascularization of nevus to melanoma transition, suggesting that this technology may help to differentiate between benign and malignant lesions. Objective Several factors may influence the quality of D-OCT imaging. Therefore, standard operating procedures as well as a common terminology are required for better validation and comparison of the images. Methods Here, we present practical guidelines for optimal image acquisition and a proposed terminology on vascular patterns observed by D-OCT. Results Dynamic OCT allows the morphologic distinction of different vascular shapes (e.g. dots, blobs, curves, lines), their distribution and organization within skin lesions. Conclusion D-OCT adds functional information on skin microvasculature and the vascular networks within lesions.