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An empirical modeling approach to predicting pollutant loads and developing cost-effective stormwater treatment strategies for a large urban watershed
- Source :
- Science of The Total Environment. 760:143388
- Publication Year :
- 2021
- Publisher :
- Elsevier BV, 2021.
-
Abstract
- Stormwater treatment strategies were evaluated for the upper Ballona Creek Watershed in Los Angeles, CA using an empirical model of stormwater runoff quantity and quality with zeroth-order regularization and a limited memory Broyden-Fletcher-Goldfarb-Shanno Bound constrained optimization routine. The model used landuse based estimation on the runoff volume, event mean concentration (EMC) and pollutant load employing ten different landuses, including highways and local roads. The model was validated by showing that its predictions were in reasonable agreement (r2 ~0.6 to 0.8) with total zinc (Zn), Total Kjeldahl Nitrogen (TKN), and Total Suspended Solids (TSS) loadings measured at the monitoring site at the bottom of the watershed. The developed model was used to demonstrate and quantify the benefits of the stormwater treatment practices (STPs) prioritized at specific landuses with high pollutant mass emission rates. For this demonstration, total Zn was selected as it is one of the most concerning pollutants in an extremely urbanized area such as the Ballona Creek Watershed. Transportation landuse including local roads and highways was found to be the best candidate for the STP applications due to their high percent load contribution per percent area. By focusing STPs for transportation landuse, the water quality goal of total Zn in the study watershed was expected be achieved at approximately 75% less cost.
- Subjects :
- Pollutant
Environmental Engineering
Watershed
010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences
Land use
Stormwater
Environmental engineering
010501 environmental sciences
01 natural sciences
Pollution
Environmental Chemistry
Environmental science
Water quality
Surface runoff
Waste Management and Disposal
Kjeldahl method
0105 earth and related environmental sciences
Total suspended solids
Subjects
Details
- ISSN :
- 00489697
- Volume :
- 760
- Database :
- OpenAIRE
- Journal :
- Science of The Total Environment
- Accession number :
- edsair.doi.dedup.....c2b36884bbcdcf4061c6ccd7306cb9f6