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Pathophisiology of abdominal aortic aneurysm: biomarkers and novel therapeutic targets
- Source :
- Digital.CSIC. Repositorio Institucional del CSIC, instname
- Publication Year :
- 2019
- Publisher :
- Elsevier BV, 2019.
-
Abstract
- [ES] El aneurisma de aorta abdominal (AAA) es una patología vascular con una elevada tasa de morbimortalidad y una prevalencia que, en varones de más de 65 años, puede alcanzar el 8%. En esta enfermedad, habitualmente asintomática, se produce una dilatación progresiva de la pared vascular que puede llevar a su rotura, un fenómeno mortal en más de un 80% de los casos. El tratamiento de los pacientes con aneurismas asintomáticos se limita al seguimiento periódico con pruebas de imagen, el control de los factores de riesgo cardiovascular y un tratamiento con terapia antiagregante y estatinas, si bien actualmente no existe ningún tratamiento farmacológico efectivo capaz de limitar su progresión o evitar su rotura. En la actualidad el diámetro aórtico es el único marcador de riesgo de rotura y determina la necesidad de reparación quirúrgica cuando alcanza valores superiores a 5,5 cm. En esta revisión se tratan los principales aspectos relacionados con la epidemiología, los factores de riesgo, el diagnóstico y el manejo terapéutico del AAA, se exponen las dificultades para disponer de buenos biomarcadores de esta enfermedad y se describen las estrategias para la identificación de nuevas dianas terapéuticas y biomarcadores en el AAA.<br />[EN] Abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) is a vascular pathology with a high rate of morbidity and mortality and a prevalence that, in men over 65 years, can reach around 8%. In this disease, usually asymptomatic, there is a progressive dilatation of the vascular wall that can lead to its rupture, a fatal phenomenon in more than 80% of cases. The treatment of patients with asymptomatic aneurysms is limited to periodic monitoring with imaging tests, control of cardiovascular risk factors and treatment with statins and antiplatelet therapy. There is no effective pharmacological treatment capable of limiting AAA progression or avoiding their rupture. At present, the aortic diameter is the only marker of risk of rupture and determines the need for surgical repair when it reaches values greater than 5.5 cm. This review addresses the main aspects related to epidemiology, risk factors, diagnosis and clinical management of AAA, exposes the difficulties to have good biomarkers of this pathology and describes the strategies for the identification of new therapeutic targets and biomarkers in AAA.<br />The laboratory work carried out by JLMV and CR was funded by the Instituto de Salud Carlos III [Carlos III Health Institute] (PI15/01016 and PI16/01419) and the Ministry of Economy, Industry and Competition (SAF SAF2015- 64767-R and SAF2016-80843-R), with co-funding by the European Regional Development Fund (ERDF). The Biomedical Research Network Centres (CIBER) for Cardiovascular Diseases is an ISCIII initiative. LC received a grant from the funds for the training and contracting of new research staff (FI) programme of the Agència de Gestió d’Ajuts Universitaris i de Recerca [Agency for the Management of University and Research Grants] (2017FI B 00175, Regional Government of Catalonia).
- Subjects :
- 0301 basic medicine
medicine.medical_specialty
Therapeutic management
Usually asymptomatic
Manejo terapéutico
Disease
030204 cardiovascular system & hematology
Asymptomatic
Pharmacological treatment
03 medical and health sciences
0302 clinical medicine
Internal medicine
Epidemiology
medicine
Pharmacology (medical)
cardiovascular diseases
Aneurisma de aorta abdominal
Surgical repair
business.industry
medicine.disease
Abdominal aortic aneurysm
030104 developmental biology
Biomarcadores
Risk factors
cardiovascular system
Cardiology
Vascular pathology
medicine.symptom
Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine
business
Biomarkers
Factores de riesgo
Subjects
Details
- ISSN :
- 15781879 and 02149168
- Database :
- OpenAIRE
- Journal :
- Clinica e Investigacion en Arteriosclerosis
- Accession number :
- edsair.doi.dedup.....c27c95b63ea3f0ad9464169526ffa0e8