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Estimated 24-Hour Urinary Sodium Excretion and Incident Cardiovascular Disease and Mortality Among 398 628 Individuals in UK Biobank
- Source :
- Hypertension. 76:683-691
- Publication Year :
- 2020
- Publisher :
- Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health), 2020.
-
Abstract
- We report on an analysis to explore the association between estimated 24-hour urinary sodium excretion (surrogate for sodium intake) and incident cardiovascular disease (CVD) and mortality. Data were obtained from 398 628 UK Biobank prospective cohort study participants (40–69 years) recruited between 2006 and 2010, with no history of CVD, renal disease, diabetes mellitus or cancer, and cardiovascular events and mortality recorded during follow-up. Hazard ratios between 24-hour sodium excretion were estimated from spot urinary sodium concentrations across incident CVD and its components and all-cause and cause-specific mortality. In restricted cubic splines analyses, there was little evidence for an association between estimated 24-hour sodium excretion and CVD, coronary heart disease, or stroke; hazard ratios for CVD (95% CIs) for the 15th and 85th percentiles (2.5 and 4.2 g/day, respectively) compared with the 50th percentile of estimated sodium excretion (3.2 g/day) were 1.05 (1.01–1.10) and 0.96 (0.92–1.00), respectively. An inverse association was observed with heart failure, but that was no longer apparent in sensitivity analysis. A J-shaped association was observed between estimated sodium excretion and mortality. Our findings do not support a J-shaped association of estimated sodium excretion with CVD, although such an association was apparent for all-cause and cause-specific mortality across a wide range of diseases. Reasons for these differences are unclear; methodological limitations, including the use of estimating equations based on spot urinary data, need to be considered in interpreting our findings.
- Subjects :
- Male
medicine.medical_specialty
Urinary system
Blood Pressure
Coronary Disease
030204 cardiovascular system & hematology
1117 Public Health and Health Services
Excretion
03 medical and health sciences
0302 clinical medicine
Cause of Death
Internal medicine
Diabetes mellitus
Internal Medicine
medicine
Humans
030212 general & internal medicine
Mortality
Sodium Chloride, Dietary
Correlation of Data
Prospective cohort study
1102 Cardiorespiratory Medicine and Haematology
Stroke
risk
Biological Specimen Banks
business.industry
Sodium
Hazard ratio
1103 Clinical Sciences
Middle Aged
medicine.disease
United Kingdom
cardiovascular diseases
Renal Elimination
Blood pressure
Cardiovascular System & Hematology
Heart Disease Risk Factors
Heart failure
Female
business
Subjects
Details
- ISSN :
- 15244563 and 0194911X
- Volume :
- 76
- Database :
- OpenAIRE
- Journal :
- Hypertension
- Accession number :
- edsair.doi.dedup.....bfe34da6c6ded11c9ac40f7e046227ed