CaO–MgO–SiO2–P2O5- based multiphase bio-ceramics fabricated by directional solidification: Microstructure features and in vitro bioactivity studies

In vitro activity is important when considering the choice of a multiphasic bioceramic scaffold as phases can dissolve or transform at different rates. The aim of this study is focused on the synthesis and in vitro analysis of multiphasic ceramics obtained from the melt by directional solidification. Depending on the growth rate of the new composition different bioactive phases coexist in the same sample: akermanite, monticellite, tricalcium phosphate and Nurse's A phase, all of them with potential in the medical area as implant for bone or dental repair. With the knowledge of what and how phases dissolve first, it was possible to design materials to get porous scaffolds or more stable ceramics.
The authors would like to acknowledge the use of Servicio General de Apoyo en la Investigación- SAI, Universidad de Zaragoza. BMM wants to acknowledge the financial support awarded by the Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation through the grant PID2019-103847RJ-I00, as well as the one provided by the Regional government of the ‘Junta de Andalucía’ through the project P18-RTJ-1972.