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Natural variation and artificial selection in four genes determine grain shape in rice
- Source :
- New Phytologist. 200:1269-1280
- Publication Year :
- 2013
- Publisher :
- Wiley, 2013.
-
Abstract
- The size of cultivated rice (Oryza sativa) grains has been altered by both domestication and artificial selection over the course of evolutionary history. Several quantitative trait loci (QTLs) for grain size have been cloned in the past 10 yr. To explore the natural variation in these QTLs, resequencing of grain width and weight 2 (GW2), grain size 5 (GS5) and QTL for seed width 5 (qSW5) and genotyping of grain size 3 (GS3) were performed in the germplasms of 127 varieties of rice (O. sativa) and 10-15 samples of wild rice (Oryza rufipogon). Ten, 10 and 15 haplotypes were observed for GW2, GS5 and qSW5. qSW5 and GS3 had the strongest effects on grain size, which have been widely utilized in rice production, whereas GW2 and GS5 showed more modest effects. GS5 showed small sequence variations in O. sativa germplasm and that of its progenitor O. rufipogon. qSW5 exhibited the highest level of nucleotide diversity. GW2 showed signs of purifying selection. The four grain size genes experienced different selection intensities depending on their genetic effects. In the indica population, linkage disequilibrium (LD) was detected among GS3, qSW5 and GS5. The substantial genetic variation in these four genes provides the flexibility needed to design various rice grain shapes. These findings provide insight into the evolutionary features of grain size genes in rice.
- Subjects :
- Germplasm
Linkage disequilibrium
Physiology
Quantitative Trait Loci
Population
Plant Science
Quantitative trait locus
Biology
Genes, Plant
Linkage Disequilibrium
Nucleotide diversity
Botany
Genetic variation
Inbreeding
Selection, Genetic
education
Alleles
Phylogeny
education.field_of_study
Oryza sativa
Nucleotides
Genetic Variation
food and beverages
Oryza
biology.organism_classification
Oryza rufipogon
Phenotype
Haplotypes
Agronomy
Seeds
Subjects
Details
- ISSN :
- 14698137 and 0028646X
- Volume :
- 200
- Database :
- OpenAIRE
- Journal :
- New Phytologist
- Accession number :
- edsair.doi.dedup.....befe552086347bece1fe708dfb116b0c