Back to Search
Start Over
Biotransformation of pharmaceuticals in surface water and during waste water treatment: Identification and occurrence of transformation products
- Source :
- Journal of Hazardous Materials, 302, 175-187. Elsevier
- Publication Year :
- 2016
- Publisher :
- Elsevier BV, 2016.
-
Abstract
- Venlafaxine, gemfibrozil, ibuprofen, irbesartan and ofloxacin are highly-consumed pharmaceuticals that show considerable removal efficiencies (between 40 and 98%) in wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs). Consequently, they are expected to generate transformation products (TPs) during wastewater treatment and in surface water (SW) receiving WWTP effluent. In this work, degradation experiments for these five pharmaceuticals have been carried out with SW and WWTP activated sludge under laboratory-controlled aerobic conditions to identify their transformation products by liquid chromatography coupled to time-of-flight mass spectrometry (LC-QTOF MS). Initially, 22 pharmaceutical TPs were tentatively identified. A retrospective analysis was performed in effluent wastewater (EWW) and SW samples. All parent compounds as well as several TPs were found in some of the selected EWW and SW samples. Additionally, valsartan and 3 TPs were also detected by searching for common fragments in these waters. It is important to highlight that some TPs, such as O-desmethyl-venlafaxine and an oxidized gemfibrozil TP, were more frequently found than their corresponding parent compounds. On the basis of these results, it would be recommendable to include these TPs (at least those found in EWW and SW samples analyzed) in monitoring programs in order to gain a more realistic understanding of the impact of pharmaceuticals on water quality.
- Subjects :
- Environmental Engineering
Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis
Sewage
010501 environmental sciences
01 natural sciences
Biotransformation
Environmental Chemistry
Waste Management and Disposal
Effluent
0105 earth and related environmental sciences
business.industry
Chemistry
010401 analytical chemistry
Pollution
0104 chemical sciences
Activated sludge
Pharmaceutical Preparations
Wastewater
Environmental chemistry
Sewage treatment
Water quality
business
Surface water
Water Pollutants, Chemical
Subjects
Details
- ISSN :
- 03043894
- Volume :
- 302
- Database :
- OpenAIRE
- Journal :
- Journal of Hazardous Materials
- Accession number :
- edsair.doi.dedup.....bebe43ad0ab2f656555f7ef0cedf6cea