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Mucosal Immunity against Neuraminidase Prevents Influenza B Virus Transmission in Guinea Pigs
- Source :
- mBio, mBio, Vol 10, Iss 3 (2019), mBio, Vol 10, Iss 3, p e00560-19 (2019)
- Publication Year :
- 2019
-
Abstract
- Recently, the protective effect of anti-neuraminidase immunity has been highlighted by several studies in humans and animal models. However, so far the role that anti-neuraminidase immunity plays in inhibition of virus transmission has not been explored. In addition, neuraminidase has been ignored as an antigen for influenza virus vaccines. We show here that neuraminidase-based vaccines can inhibit the transmission of influenza virus. Therefore, neuraminidase should be considered as an antigen for improved influenza virus vaccines that not only protect individuals from disease but also inhibit further spread of the virus in the population.<br />Despite efforts to control influenza virus infection and transmission, influenza viruses still cause significant morbidity and mortality in the global human population each year. Most of the current vaccines target the immunodominant hemagglutinin surface glycoprotein of the virus. However, reduced severity of disease and viral shedding have also been linked to antibodies targeting the second viral surface glycoprotein, the neuraminidase. Importantly, antineuraminidase immunity was shown to be relatively broad, in contrast to vaccine-induced antibodies to the hemagglutinin head domain. In this study, we assessed recombinant neuraminidase protein vaccination for its ability to prevent or limit virus transmission. We vaccinated guinea pigs either intramuscularly or intranasally with a recombinant influenza B virus neuraminidase to assess whether neuraminidase vaccination via these routes could prevent transmission of the homologous virus to a naive recipient. Guinea pigs vaccinated with neuraminidase showed reduced virus titers; however, only vaccination via the intranasal route fully prevented virus transmission to naive animals. We found high levels of antineuraminidase antibodies capable of inhibiting neuraminidase enzymatic activity in the nasal washes of intranasally vaccinated animals, which may explain the observed differences in transmission. We also determined that mucosal immunity to neuraminidase impaired the transmission efficiency of a heterologous influenza B virus, although to a lesser extent. Finally, we found that neuraminidase-vaccinated animals were still susceptible to infection via the airborne and contact transmission routes. However, significantly lower virus titers were detected in these vaccinated recipients. In summary, our data suggest that supplementing vaccine formulations with neuraminidase and vaccinating via the intranasal route may broadly prevent transmission of influenza B viruses.
- Subjects :
- viruses
Population
Guinea Pigs
Hemagglutinin (influenza)
Neuraminidase
Microbiology
Injections, Intramuscular
Virus
03 medical and health sciences
Viral Proteins
Orthomyxoviridae Infections
Immunity
Virology
vaccine
Disease Transmission, Infectious
Animals
Viral shedding
education
Immunity, Mucosal
influenza B
Administration, Intranasal
030304 developmental biology
0303 health sciences
education.field_of_study
Vaccines, Synthetic
biology
030306 microbiology
transmission
Therapeutics and Prevention
Editor's Pick
QR1-502
3. Good health
Vaccination
Disease Models, Animal
Influenza B virus
Treatment Outcome
Influenza Vaccines
biology.protein
Antibody
influenza
Research Article
Subjects
Details
- ISSN :
- 21507511
- Volume :
- 10
- Issue :
- 3
- Database :
- OpenAIRE
- Journal :
- mBio
- Accession number :
- edsair.doi.dedup.....be0968f4d00456af72d34adf1357e181