Thirty-day and 5-year results of percutaneous coronary intervention for in-stent restenotic chronic total occlusion lesions: Data from 2,659 consecutive patients

OBJECTIVES To investigate the procedure success rate and clinical outcomes of in-stent restenotic chronic total occlusion (ISR-CTO) percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). BACKGROUND Few studies have reported the short- and long-term clinical outcomes of ISR-CTO PCI. METHOD Patients who underwent ISR-CTO (n = 212) or de-novo CTO (n = 2,447) PCI at Fuwai Hospital from 2010 to 2013 were enrolled. Thirty-day and 5-year clinical outcomes were analyzed. The primary outcome was the incidence of all-cause death, myocardial infarction (MI), and heart failure at follow-up. The secondary outcome was the recanalization result (reasonable, suboptimal, or failed recanalization). RESULTS ISR-CTO PCI had a higher rate of suboptimal recanalization than de-novo CTO PCI (p