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Vegetable nitrate intake, blood pressure and incident cardiovascular disease:Danish Diet, Cancer, and Health Study
- Source :
- Bondonno, C P, Dalgaard, F, Blekkenhorst, L C, Murray, K, Lewis, J R, Croft, K D, Kyrø, C, Torp-Pedersen, C, Gislason, G, Tjønneland, A, Overvad, K, Bondonno, N P & Hodgson, J M 2021, ' Vegetable nitrate intake, blood pressure and incident cardiovascular disease : Danish Diet, Cancer, and Health Study ', European Journal of Epidemiology, vol. 36, no. 8, pp. 813-825 . https://doi.org/10.1007/s10654-021-00747-3, Bondonno, C P, Dalgaard, F, Blekkenhorst, L C, Murray, K, Lewis, J R, Croft, K D, Kyro, C, Torp-Pedersen, C, Gislason, G, Tjonneland, A, Overvad, K, Bondonno, N P & Hodgson, J M 2021, ' Vegetable nitrate intake, blood pressure and incident cardiovascular disease : Danish Diet, Cancer, and Health Study ', European Journal of Epidemiology, vol. 36, pp. 813–825 . https://doi.org/10.1007/s10654-021-00747-3, European Journal of Epidemiology
- Publication Year :
- 2021
-
Abstract
- Whether the vascular effects of inorganic nitrate, observed in clinical trials, translate to a reduction in cardiovascular disease (CVD) with habitual dietary nitrate intake in prospective studies warrants investigation. We aimed to determine if vegetable nitrate, the major dietary nitrate source, is associated with lower blood pressure (BP) and lower risk of incident CVD. Among 53,150 participants of the Danish Diet, Cancer, and Health Study, without CVD at baseline, vegetable nitrate intake was assessed using a comprehensive vegetable nitrate database. Hazard ratios (HRs) were calculated using restricted cubic splines based on multivariable-adjusted Cox proportional hazards models. During 23 years of follow-up, 14,088 cases of incident CVD were recorded. Participants in the highest vegetable nitrate intake quintile (median, 141 mg/day) had 2.58 mmHg lower baseline systolic BP (95%CI − 3.12, − 2.05) and 1.38 mmHg lower diastolic BP (95%CI − 1.66, − 1.10), compared with participants in the lowest quintile. Vegetable nitrate intake was inversely associated with CVD plateauing at moderate intakes (~ 60 mg/day); this appeared to be mediated by systolic BP (21.9%). Compared to participants in the lowest intake quintile (median, 23 mg/day), a moderate vegetable nitrate intake (median, 59 mg/day) was associated with 15% lower risk of CVD [HR (95% CI) 0.85 (0.82, 0.89)]. Moderate vegetable nitrate intake was associated with 12%, 15%, 17% and 26% lower risk of ischemic heart disease, heart failure, ischemic stroke and peripheral artery disease hospitalizations respectively. Consumption of at least ~ 60 mg/day of vegetable nitrate (~ 1 cup of green leafy vegetables) may mitigate risk of CVD. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s10654-021-00747-3.
- Subjects :
- BEETROOT JUICE
Epidemiology
Denmark
Blood Pressure
ALCOHOL
030204 cardiovascular system & hematology
Nitrate
chemistry.chemical_compound
0302 clinical medicine
Risk Factors
cardiovascular disease
Cardiovascular Disease
Vegetables/chemistry
Vegetables
030212 general & internal medicine
Prospective cohort study
RISK
Incidence
Hazard ratio
blood pressure
ASSOCIATION
Middle Aged
Cardiovascular Diseases
INORGANIC NITRATE
Adult
vegetables
medicine.medical_specialty
DIAGNOSES
ALL-CAUSE
Lower risk
Blood Pressure/drug effects
03 medical and health sciences
Animal science
nitrate
nitric oxide
medicine
Humans
VALIDITY
Aged
Nitrates
Proportional hazards model
business.industry
Cardiovascular Diseases/epidemiology
MORTALITY
Nitric oxide
medicine.disease
PREDICTIVE-VALUE
Denmark/epidemiology
Blood pressure
chemistry
Heart failure
Nitrates/analysis
business
Subjects
Details
- Language :
- English
- Database :
- OpenAIRE
- Journal :
- Bondonno, C P, Dalgaard, F, Blekkenhorst, L C, Murray, K, Lewis, J R, Croft, K D, Kyrø, C, Torp-Pedersen, C, Gislason, G, Tjønneland, A, Overvad, K, Bondonno, N P & Hodgson, J M 2021, ' Vegetable nitrate intake, blood pressure and incident cardiovascular disease : Danish Diet, Cancer, and Health Study ', European Journal of Epidemiology, vol. 36, no. 8, pp. 813-825 . https://doi.org/10.1007/s10654-021-00747-3, Bondonno, C P, Dalgaard, F, Blekkenhorst, L C, Murray, K, Lewis, J R, Croft, K D, Kyro, C, Torp-Pedersen, C, Gislason, G, Tjonneland, A, Overvad, K, Bondonno, N P & Hodgson, J M 2021, ' Vegetable nitrate intake, blood pressure and incident cardiovascular disease : Danish Diet, Cancer, and Health Study ', European Journal of Epidemiology, vol. 36, pp. 813–825 . https://doi.org/10.1007/s10654-021-00747-3, European Journal of Epidemiology
- Accession number :
- edsair.doi.dedup.....bc7f6c3f899501da7d3866d4e1c39ca5