Milestones on the Plastic Surgery In-Service Training Examination

Background The Plastic Surgery Milestones Project was implemented in 2014 to establish standards for competency based resident education. In restructuring educational activities under the Milestones, various pedagogical tools have been revised. However, these standards have not yet been applied to the Plastic Surgery In-Service Training Examination. The purpose of this study was to determine the representation of the various components of the Plastic Surgery Milestones Project, on the In-Service Training Examination. Methods All questions from the 2014 ‐ 2018 In-Service Examinations were evaluated within the framework of the current Plastic Surgery Milestones. Using content analysis, each Examination question was mapped to a single Milestone. Descriptive analysis of Milestone subject area and Core Competency breakdown, as well as year to year trends, were performed. Results Of the 1,150 questions analyzed, there was an unequal representation of individual Milestones (0-7.4%). Of the 36 Plastic Surgery Milestones, 10 represented more than 50% of the PSITEs while 8 Milestones had less than 1% representation. The most common subject area was Head and Neck (12.7%) and least common was Reconstruction of the Trunk and Perineum. Among Core Competencies, more than half (50.4%) tested Patient Care while Interpersonal and Communication Skills was the lowest represented, 0.2%. Conclusions The Plastic Surgery In-Service Examination tests a variable proportion of Milestones. Currently, the PSITE is not well integrated with competency based education in spite of a shift towards such a training model. Going forward, the PSITE may include an associated Milestone with each question in order to better incorporate Competencies into this important annual evaluation metric.