Automated external defibrillator location and socioeconomic deprivation in Great Britain

Objective The early use of automated external defibrillators (AED) improves outcomes in out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OOHCA). We investigated AED access Great Britain (GB) according to socioeconomic deprivation. Methods Cross-sectional observational study using AED location data from the British Heart Foundation Circuit registry. We calculated street network distances between all 1,677,466 postcodes in GB and the nearest AED, and used a multilevel linear mixed regression model to investigate associations between the distances from each postcode to the nearest AED and Index of Multiple Deprivation, stratified by country and according to 24-hours-7-days-a-week (24/7) access. Results 78,425 AED locations were included. Across GB, the median distance from the centre of a postcode to an AED was 726m (England: 739m, Scotland: 743m, Wales: 512m). For 24/7-access AEDs the median distances were further (991m, 994m, 570m). In Wales, the average distance to the nearest AED and 24/7 AED was shorter for the most deprived communities. In England, the average distance to the nearest AED was also shorter in the most deprived areas. There was no association between deprivation and average distance to the nearest AED in Scotland. However, the distance to the nearest 24/7 AED was greater with increased deprivation in England and Scotland. On average, a 24/7 AED is respectively 192.1m and 317.1m further in the most-deprived than least-deprived communities. Conclusions In England and Scotland there are differences in distances to the nearest 24/7-accessible AED between the most and least deprived communities. Equitable access to ‘out-of-hours’-accessible AEDs may improve outcomes for people with OOHCA.