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Endothelial Sphingolipid De Novo Synthesis Controls Blood Pressure by Regulating Signal Transduction and NO via Ceramide
- Source :
- Hypertension
- Publication Year :
- 2020
- Publisher :
- Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health), 2020.
-
Abstract
- Ceramides are sphingolipids that modulate a variety of cellular processes via 2 major mechanisms: functioning as second messengers and regulating membrane biophysical properties, particularly lipid rafts, important signaling platforms. Altered sphingolipid levels have been implicated in many cardiovascular diseases, including hypertension, atherosclerosis, and diabetes mellitus–related conditions; however, molecular mechanisms by which ceramides impact endothelial functions remain poorly understood. In this regard, we generated mice defective of endothelial sphingolipid de novo biosynthesis by deleting the Sptlc2 (long chain subunit 2 of serine palmitoyltransferase)—the first enzyme of the pathway. Our study demonstrated that endothelial sphingolipid de novo production is necessary to regulate (1) signal transduction in response to NO agonists and, mainly via ceramides, (2) resting eNOS (endothelial NO synthase) phosphorylation, and (3) blood pressure homeostasis. Specifically, our findings suggest a prevailing role of C16:0-Cer in preserving vasodilation induced by tyrosine kinase and GPCRs (G-protein coupled receptors), except for Gq-coupled receptors, while C24:0- and C24:1-Cer control flow-induced vasodilation. Replenishing C16:0-Cer in vitro and in vivo reinstates endothelial cell signaling and vascular tone regulation. This study reveals an important role of locally produced ceramides, particularly C16:0-, C24:0-, and C24:1-Cer in vascular and blood pressure homeostasis, and establishes the endothelium as a key source of plasma ceramides. Clinically, specific plasma ceramides ratios are independent predictors of major cardiovascular events. Our data also suggest that plasma ceramides might be indicative of the diseased state of the endothelium.
- Subjects :
- Male
Nitroprusside
0301 basic medicine
Ceramide
Nitric Oxide Synthase Type III
Endothelium
Serine C-Palmitoyltransferase
Mice, Transgenic
030204 cardiovascular system & hematology
Ceramides
Nitric Oxide
Article
Mice
03 medical and health sciences
chemistry.chemical_compound
0302 clinical medicine
endothelial
Internal Medicine
medicine
Animals
Homeostasis
ceramide
Lipid raft
Cells, Cultured
Sphingolipids
vascular resistance
Chemistry
Microfilament Proteins
Serine C-palmitoyltransferase
Endothelial Cells
blood pressure
Phosphoproteins
Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Receptor-2
Sphingolipid
Acetylcholine
Cell biology
Vasodilation
Endothelial stem cell
030104 developmental biology
medicine.anatomical_structure
Vasoconstriction
Second messenger system
lipids (amino acids, peptides, and proteins)
sphingolipid
Signal transduction
Cell Adhesion Molecules
Histamine
Signal Transduction
Subjects
Details
- ISSN :
- 15244563 and 0194911X
- Volume :
- 75
- Database :
- OpenAIRE
- Journal :
- Hypertension
- Accession number :
- edsair.doi.dedup.....bc24272d2f10a481552cd09919c24702